Physical Property Chemical Property

VS

Can be observed or Often identified

measured without after a chemical
changing the basic reaction takes
identity or place. The identity
composition of the of the material
substance. changes.
Physical Properties- these can be observed or measured without changing the
basic identify or composition of the substance.

Shabu Glass fragments

•It is the steps someone takes to
identify a question, develop a
hypothesis, design and carry out
steps or procedures to test the
hypothesis, write down data, and
draw a conclusion.
•In other words, it’s a way to
solve a problem.
Scientists take time to think
logically when they are
investigating a question or
problem.
They break things down
into many steps that
make sense.
1. Ask a QUESTION or identify a problem.
2. Gather information/ observation.
3. Statement of hypothesis
4. Create an EXPERIMENT to test your hypothesis.
5. Draw a CONCLUSION/ making generations.
6. Law or Principles
Theory of Forensic Analysis
• Forensic Analyses may be performed to:
1. Identify a questioned sample or
2. Compare a questioned sample to a known sample for the purpose of
determining the source of origin of the sample.

Identification of a Physical Evidence

Presumptive Confirmatory
Analysis Analysis
FORENSIC SCIENCE PRINCIPLES
Lesson 3 Techniques Used in Crime Laboratories

Objectives:
1. Identify and describe the different
techniques used in the crime
laboratories; and
2. Determine the technique appropriate
for the examination and identification
of different physical evidences.
1.Microscopy
A. COARSE ADJUSTMENT

Compound
Light
Microscope
1.Microscopy
B.
Comparison
Microscope
1.Microscopy
C. Stereoscopic
Microscope
1.Microscopy

D. Scanning Electron Microscope

2. Photography
3. The Use of UV, IR and X-rays

A.UV rays
B.Invisible Rays
C.X-rays
4. Chromatography
A. Column
Chromatography
4. Chromatography
B. Paper
Chromatography
4. Chromatography
C. Thin Layer
Chromatography
(TLC)
4. Chromatography
D. Gas
Chromatography
5. Electrophoresis
6. Spectrograph
7. Laser Technique
8. Mass Spectrometry
9. Spectrophotometry
11. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
12. Atomic Absorption
13. Polarography/Polarographic Analysis
14. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance or Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI)
15. Differential Thermal Analysis
Lesson 4 The Divisions of the Crime Laboratory and their Frontline
Services

Objectives:
1. Identify the different divisions of the PNP
crime laboratory;
2. Describe the functions of each PNP crime
laboratory division; and
3. Select the appropriate division for
submission of specific physical evidences