Managing Indonesia’s

Water Resources
Aditya Riski Taufani
Program Praktisi Mengajar 2023 ,
Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
Aditya Riski Taufani
2014 - 2019 Researcher
Deltares
2019 – present Development Planner,
Directorate of Water
Resources, Bappenas

A Civil Engineer
with Public Policy and Strategic Planning Interest
What is development?
 Household needs
Human Health Environmental
Quality
Food Production
Other living
Clean Energy beings’ rights
Navigation
Mining and Ecosystem services
Manufacturing
Recreation
Human’s Basic
needs
 Papua 35.08% 64.92%
Papua Barat 18.32% 81.68%

Access to drinking water in

Maluku Utara 11.34% 88.66%
Maluku 6.79% 93.21%
Sulawesi Barat 78.35%
Indonesia, 2021
21.65%
Gorontalo 5.43% 94.57%
Sulawesi Tenggara 8.06% 91.94%
Sulawesi Selatan 8.82% 91.18%
Sulawesi Tengah 11.49% 88.51%
Sulawesi Utara 8.35% 91.65% Percentage of households with
Kalimantan Utara 13.20% 86.80%
Kalimantan Timur 14.20% 85.80% access to decent drinking water is
Kalimantan Selatan 76.40%
Kalimantan Tengah
23.60%
22.95% 77.05% 90.78%.
Kalimantan Barat 21.24% 78.76%
Nusa Tenggara Timur 14.60% 85.40%
Nusa Tenggara Barat
Bali
5.40% 94.60%
97.56%
While households with safe access to
2.44%
Banten 6.49% 93.51%
95.02%
drinking water only as much as
Jawa Timur 4.98%
D.I. Yogyakarta 4.31% 95.69% 6,971,582 or about 9.22%
Jawa Tengah 6.38% 93.62%
Jawa Barat 6.76% 93.24%
DKI Jakarta 0.14% 99.86%
Kepulauan Riau 9.17% 90.83%
Kepulauan Bangka Belitung 26.60% 73.40%
Lampung 19.80% 80.20%
Bengkulu 32.61% 67.39%
Sumatra Selatan 15.30% 84.70%
Jambi 20.30% 79.70%
Riau 10.24% 89.76%
Sumatra Barat 16.60% 83.40%
Sumatra Utara 9.11% 90.89%
Aceh 11.21% 88.79%
0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% 120.00%

% Layak % Tidak Layak

 The national wetlands map of Indonesia on the seven largest
islands of Indonesia

Source: Belinda et.al (2014) Mapping wetlands in Indonesia using Landsat and PALSAR datasets and
derived topographical indices, Geo-spatial Information Science,

Surface and ground water

are characterized with
organic compound and
acidic
Only 32% Urban Dwellers has access to piped
water
 Ilustrasi oleh Suara.com

In 2022, 21.6 percent of Indonesian Drinking water source is among

children suffered from stunted growth the top three factors
Kementerian Kesehatan, 2023 Irianti, 2019.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/344/1/01200
9/pdf 8
 Sumber: Dit. Perkim, Bappenas (2021)

In the comparison based on Ecological Footprint and Carbon Footprint, tap

water showed about 300 times lower values than bottled water
Botto, 2009. https://www.nature.com/articles/npre.2009.3407.1

9
Economic Development
2114 m3 water per tonnage,
80 percent consumption
second highest after India
Chapagain dan Hoekstra, 2010
11
12
13
 Industry

Indonesia Country Water Assessment Report, 2016

14
 Energy

Kementerian ESDM, 2022 15

Environmental Sustainability
 WRI Indonesia

AP Photo / Muhammad Hatta

Wetlands International
Aquatic Ecosystem – Environmental Flow
Indonesia’s Water Resources
But ….
Indonesia Water Security Vision 2045 Report, 2021
Indonesia Water Security Vision 2045 Report, 2021
Call for volunteer! 6 people
(Q95)
Why must we manage our water resources?
 Common goods
Climate (peace) Population and
Change Economic Growth

Effect due to anthropogenic

activity
• Deforestation
• Manufacturing
• Agriculture/food Water quality
production degradation
• Solid waste
• Mining Increased drought
• Urbanization and flood risk
• Excessive
groundwater
abstraction
 Water quality Increased drought and flood
Anthropogenic activities degradation risk

Deforestation Increased rainfall runoff

Manufacturing
Agriculture/food production
Domestic
Mining
Urbanization
Excessive groundwater
abstraction
 Water quality
Anthropogenic activities degradation
Deforestation Erosion -> increased water
turbidity
Manufacturing Untreated waste water ->
water thermal and pollution
Agriculture/food production Uncontrolled fertilizer and
manure -> water pollution
Domestic Untreated waste water,
plastic waste
Mining Erosion, heavy metal
Urbanization Untreated waste water
Excessive groundwater Salt water intrusion
abstraction
Increased drought and flood
risk
Increased rainfall runoff
River Sedimentation
Decreased groundwater recharge
Increased rainfall runoff
River Sedimentation
plastic waste
Erosion, increase Increased rainfall
runoff, River Sedimentation,
Decreased groundwater recharge
Impermeable structures, Increased
rainfall runoff
Land subsidence
Indonesia Water Security Vision 2045 Report, 2021
Etty Riani, 2022
Etty Riani, 2022
Source: Andreas et al., 2018
 Total kejadian hujan ekstrem (>100 mm/hari)

Total Occurrence

Year
Indonesia Development Plan
https://indonesia2045.go.id/ 25 Oktober 2020
25 Oktober 2020
 Upcoming lecture

Indonesian Government Agenda in Water Resources Management

Actors in water resources management, what career you can choose as

water resources engineer
Managing Indonesia’s
Water Resources
Lecture II
Aditya Riski Taufani
Program Praktisi Mengajar 2023 ,
Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
Siapa yang menyusun undang-undang sumber daya air?
Mengelola jaringan air bersih perpipaan adalah tugas?
Yang tidak menjadi tugas Kementerian PUPR adalah?
Izin pemakaian air tanah diberikan oleh?
Pemantauan kualitas air menjadi tanggung jawab?
Berikut adalah infrastruktur yang bisa mengurangi daya
rusak air, kecuali?
Sistem informasi apa yang tidak signifikan diperlukan
dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air?
Dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air, kementerian atau
dinas tata ruang berperan penting dalam?
Berikut ini pihak yang mengelola bendungan adalah?
Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
 Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2019
Tentang Sumber Daya Air

Konservasi Sumber Daya Air
a. pelindungan dan
pelestarian Sumber Air;
b. pengawetan Air;
c. pengelolaan kualitas Air;
dan
d. pengendalian pencemaral
Air.
Pendayagunaan Sumber Pengendalian Daya Rusak Air
Daya Air
a. penatagunaan Sumber Pengendalian Daya Rusak Air
Daya Air; dilakukan secara menyeluruh yang
b. penyediaan Sumber mencakup upaya pencegahan,
Daya Air; penanggulangan, dan pemulihan.
c. penggunaari Sumber
Daya Air;
d. pengembangan Sumber
Daya Air
RPJMN 2020-2024
Continuing the construction of 61 and 11 additional Multipurpose Dams

Improved Operation and Safety of 123 old existing dams

Restoration of 4 critical watersheds and 15 natural lakes

10 million new household with pipe water connection

Construction of 550 thousands hectares and rehabilitation of 2 million hectares of irrigation network

Modernization of 9 Irrigation Area

Water provision for 40 thousands hectares of high value crop

Flood Risk Resilience in 50 Indonesian Urban Areas

Establishing Multipurpose Water Storage

Volume : 5.59 billion m3

61 on-going and 11 additional Irrigation : 468 thousands hectares
Multipurpose dams Water Supply : 74 m3/s
Electricity : 380 MW
 Dam Operational and Safety Improvement

ModerateIndeks Risiko
35 Bendungan di indonesia
Risk Kondisi Tampungan Waduk
20% 100
3% 90
28% 16% 80

% Kondisi Waduk
70
60
50
40
30
20
53% 10

Bendungan Usia > 100 tahun Bendungan Usia 50-100 tahun

High Risk 0

80%
Bendungan Usia 20-50 tahun Bendungan Usia < 20 tahun

Data: 2019

Routine Maintenance Safety Instrumentation Staff Construction upgrading Catchment Management

Citarum Harum: A
Cooperation to
tackle water
pollution
 5 Pilars Irrigation More Crop for the Drop FARMER’S NEED TO WATER
Modernization
Punctual 1. AVAILABLE ON TIME
1 Pilar 1 Water Availability Information on the availability of
irrigation water is available in a
2. AVAILABLE IN THE
timely manner RIGHT VOLUME
Pilar 2 Irrigation
2 Infrastructure
Precision Allocation 3. AVAILABLE IN THE RIGHT
Water allocation in the field LOCATION
3 Pilar 3 Management based on field needs (Volume
and Location)
4 Pilar 4 Institutional
EXPECTED RESULTS
Less Consumption
Toward deficit irrigation & more  The land can be used all year round;
5 Pilar 5 Human resources productivity  The farmer's risk is reduced;
 IP and Production go up;
 Food Security improves;
 Improved farmer welfare;
Irrigation Modernization is a new approach to answer farmers' needs for
 Water Allocation in Sustainable River Basin;
water amidst the challenges of water scarcity.
 Environmental flow is sufficient.
65
 Indonesia Priority City for Flood
Management
National Strategic Coordinating Team
Indonesia has identified 50 priority cities/regencies for flood
management. To achieve comprehensive flood management in
Indonesia, a strategic coordinating team has been established.
This team will work to attain an Integrated National Flood
Management by addressing six main groups.
IWRM
Water Conservation, Irrigation, Water
utilization, Coastal Management, etc.

BwN (Building with Nature) implementation in Demak
(Wetlands International)
Construction of permeable dam structures as sediment traps and
basis for mangrove rehabilitation. Within 1,5-year, 45 cm
sediment are successfully trap. Capacity building and Socio
economic to support BwN are conducted.
Community Based Flood Management in Banten
(FMSRB Project)
Development through Community Driven Development (CDD) is
a concept or an approach by letting the local citizen be the main
player in decision making and human resource for disaster
reduction activities, usually the citizen is in one Citizen Group
like TAGANA or KMSB.
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Studi Kasus
Kabupaten Berdikari Jaya:

• Status ketersediaan air = defisit saat musim

kemarau
• 8500 hektar lahan berpotensi untuk menjadi
lahan pertanian
• Banjir menggenangi 5000 rumah di tahun
2022
• 40.000 rumah tangga tanpa jaringan air
minum, sementara air tanah payau
• Sungai-Sungai tidak dalam kondisi bersih

Proyeksi kemampuan anggaran bidang sumber

daya air 2025-2030 = 1 trilyun rupiah

69