Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE)

Review Class – 01 (Basic Communication System)

Course Title: Communication Engineering

Course No.: ECE 3207

Prepared By:
Milton Kumar Kundu
Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, RUET
Outline
1. Basic Communication System
2. Noise
3. Amplitude Modulation (AM)

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What is Communication?
Communication can be defined as the process of sending,
receiving and processing of information using electronic
circuits.

Type of Communication:
Depending on the medium-
1. Wired Communication (Using Cables/Wires)
2. Wireless Communication (Radio/Optical
Communication)

Depending on the type of signal-

3. Analog Communication
4. Digital Communication

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication

Input
Source Transmitter
Transducer

Medium/
Noise
Channel

Output
Destination Receiver
Transducer

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Source:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Input Transducer:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Transmitter:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Medium/Channel:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Receiver:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Output Transducer:

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Basic Block Diagram of Communication
Destination:

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Modulation
Modulation is the process of encoding information from a
message source in a way that is suitable for transmission.
By superimposing a message on to a high frequency signal
known as a carrier wave, information can be transmitted.

# Why do we need modulation?

Answer: We use modulation to-
1. Send data at far distance (by increasing amplitude and
frequency).
2. Reduce antenna length .
3. Remove interference, by modulating at different
frequencies.

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Bandwidth Requirements
The bandwidth of a signal is
defined as the difference
between the upper and lower
frequencies of a signal
generated.

Bandwidth required for

1. High fidelity audio = 20 to 15,000 Hz
2. Telephone conversation = 300 to 3,400 Hz
In case of sinusoidal signals, bandwidth is the difference
between highest and lowest frequency signals.
But in case of non-sinusoidal signals, things become a little
tricky.
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Bandwidth Requirements
For non-sinusoidal periodic signals, we need to apply Fourier
series to calculate the bandwidth requirement of the signal.

In frequency domain, this signal can be represented as

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Bandwidth Requirements
The Fourier series form of a signal can be represented as

Here,

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Bandwidth Requirements
The Fourier series form of a signal can be represented as

The first four terms of this series can be represented by,

+…

If the signal is non periodic, then we will be needing Fourier

transform rather than Fourier series.

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Mathmatical Example
1. Example 1.1 (Electronic Communication Systems by
George Kennedy & Bernard Davis)

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