British Rule

From 1857-1947
DOWNFALL
OF
MUSLIM RULE
 CAUSES OF THE DOWNFALL OF
MUSLIM SOCIETY

 Ignorance of the Religious Beliefs

 Lack of Solidarity
 Centralization of Mughal Administration
 No Law of Succession
 Weakness of Character
 Educational Decline
 Military Weaknesses
 No Naval Force
 CAUSES OF ENGLISH SUCCESS

1) English company was a private enterprise.

 Creates spirit of self-reliance
 If the employees work hard they will get profit
 Company was so sound that it could give loans to the Government.

2) Their Naval supremacy

 Could trade any thing from sea
 No check

3) English naval base in Bombay

 Could keep their ship safely
 Also repair their ships
 CAUSES OF ENGLISH SUCCESS

4) English had three important places in India

 Calcutta
 Madras
 Bombay
 All of them could not be conquered at one time.

5) English entered India from the right quarter. In the absence of

good roads, the rivers provided an easy means of
communication and transport

6) English men always helped one another

 WAR OF
INDEPENDENCE
1857
 WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857

 Causes of the War

 Causes of the Failure of the War of Independence
 Consequences of the War
 Conditions of the Muslims after the War.
 WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857

 Causes of the War.

Political Causes
Economic Causes
Social Causes
Religious Causes
Military Causes
 WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857

 Causesof the Failure of the War of

Independence
Localization of War
Lack of Leadership
Deficiency of Modern Weapons
Lack of Unity and Financial Resources
Mutual Rivalry
Lack of Direction
Deficiency of Inherent System
 WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857

 Consequences of the War

End of East India Company
Change in the Annexation Policy of
Government
Change in the Land Policy of Government
Change in the Attitude of British
Change in the Function of Government
Reorganisation of the Army
Rift in Hindu-Muslim Unity
Sea-Back to Muslim Renaissance
 WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857

 Conditions of the Muslims after the War.

Political Conditions
Economic Conditions
Educational Condition
Social Condition
THE PAKISTAN
MOVEMENT
 INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
1885

 Form in 1885

 By retired British official, Allan Octavian Hume.

 Viceroy Lord Dufferin

 INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
1885

 Objectives.
1. To fuse into one nation whole of the all the different elements that
constitute the population of India.
2. To gradually regenerate along all lines, mental, moral, social and
political, of the nation thus evolved.
3. To consolidate the union between England and India, by securing the
modification of such of its conditions as may be unjust or injurious to
the latter country.
 Partition of Bengal

 Partition of Bengal in 1905

 Muslim Reaction
 Hindu Reaction

 Annulment of Partition of Bengal in 1911

 CREATION OF
“ALL INDIA
MUSLIM LEAGUE”
1906
ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE

 Simla Deputation 1906

 Separate electorate
 Weightage in all elective bodies


Foundation of “ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE”
Iqbal Jinnah Azaad
ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE

 Indian Councils Act 1909

 Also known as Minto-Morley Reforms

 Lucknow Pact 1916

 Government of India Act 1919

 Also known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
 Rowlatt Act.
 Amritsar Tragedy
 Khilafat Movement
ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE

 Delhi Muslim Proposal 1927

 Simon Commission 1927

 Nehru Report 1928

 Jinnah’s Fourteen points 1929
 Allahbad Address 1930
 Round Table Conference (1930,31 & 32)
 White Paper 1934
ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE

 Government of India Act 1935.

3 list of Subjects
 Federal List
 Provincial List
 Concurrent List

 Election of 1937
 Congress Ministries 1937-1939
 Day of Deliverance 1939.
ALL INDIA
MUSLIM
LEAGUE
1940-1947
Indian Sub-Continent Today