Introduction to 3D

Introduction to 3D printing
printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping
Introduction to 3D printing
3D printing and prototyping

Objectives
• Understand the process of 3D printing
• Introduce the concept of ‘disruptive technology’
• Understand the advantages and disadvantages
of 3D printing
• Be aware of a range of 3D printing methods and
the materials uses
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Starter activity
• How were the pyramids built?
• What does this have to do
with 3D printing?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

What is 3D printing?
• 3D printers can create physical
forms from a 3D digital model
• 3D printing is an ‘additive’ method
of manufacture
• What is meant by the term ‘additive’?
• What is meant by the term ‘subtractive’?
• Which traditional methods of
manufacturing are known as
subtractive manufacturing?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Disruptive technologies
• 3D printing is often described as a
‘Disruptive Technology’
• A disruptive technology is one that displaces
an established existing technology
• It might be a ground-breaking product
that creates a completely new industry
or just a new way of doing something
• In groups discuss why the iPhone,
launched in 2007, was seen as a
disruptive technology
• How has the smartphone changed
the way we live our lives?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Worksheet 1
• Complete Task 1 of your Worksheet to identify
‘disruptive technologies’
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

A brief history of 3D printing

• 1980 saw Dr Kodoma attempt the first layer by layer 3D printing
• 1983 sees Charles Hull use UV light to harden resins and register
the first successful stereolithography patent
• 1989 witnessed Scott Crump patent Fused Deposition Modelling
• 1999 brings medical advances with 3D printed organs
• 2008 unveils the first 3D printed car
• 2009 allows the FDM patent to be available to the public,
triggering a surge in companies producing 3D printers
• 2013 and the first transplantable 3D printed kidney is created
• 2014 and NASA create the first 3D printed parts in space
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Which materials print?

• Many materials can be 3D printed
• Concrete
• Metals (powdered)
• Chocolate and other foods
• Even living tissue

• The most common materials

used are polymers
• What is a polymer?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Types of printable polymers

• The polymers can be in different forms
• Most common is a roll or reel of filament
• Other forms are liquid resin and powder
• Some polymers are made from fossil fuels,
in particular oil
• Biopolymers, such as PLA (Polylactic acid),
are plant based and are biodegradable
• What is the environmental impact of
using oil based polymers?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

The varied uses of 3D printing

• As 3D printing has developed so have its uses
• 3D printing is already widely used in products and
places that you might not even realise
• The 3D printing market is expected to grow to
£15.5 billion by 2020
• You can even buy a
3D printing pen!
• How could a 3D pen aid
designing in schools?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
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3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Uses for 3D printing

• What are the advantages of
3D printing houses?
• Are there any disadvantages?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Worksheet 1
• Complete Task 2 of your Worksheet
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
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3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

3D printing in industry
• 3D printing is still in its infancy
• Industries experimenting with
and using 3D printing include:
• Aerospace
• Architecture
• Automotive
• Medical and dental
• Film, food, fashion and many more

• Complete Task 3 of Worksheet 1

while you watch the video clips
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
3D printing
3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Advantages of 3D printing
• The advantages of 3D printing include:
• Quick manufacture of objects or parts
• Single step manufacture process
• Freedom to create complex designs
• Easy customisation and personalisation
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
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3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

Disadvantages of 3D printing
• Disadvantages include:
• Build size is often restricted to smaller items
• Relatively high cost
• Resolution can be poor
on some machines
• Post-processing
can be required
• Complex jobs can
take a long time to build
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
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3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

3D printing in education
• What effects might having a 3D printer have on
your learning?
• Complete Task 4 of your Worksheet to identify where
and how 3D printing could be used to enhance lessons
in other subjects
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The broader curriculum

• 3D printing can be used to enhance learning
• History students could use 3D printed replica
artefacts to help understand what it was like to live
in different eras
• How could biology and
medical students benefit?
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3D printing and prototyping

DT in 3D
• 3D printers are commonly used in Design and
Technology lessons within schools
• Discuss why and where you could use this technology in the
projects you have completed so far?
• What could you 3D print to help you in Food Technology?
Introduction to 3D
Introduction toprinting
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3D printing and prototyping
3D printing and prototyping

The future of 3D printing

• What does the future of 3D printing look like?
• What 3D printed products do you expect to be using
during your lifetime?
• Do you think we could ever print clones?