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Typography- Chapter4

UMESH BHURTYAL
PASHCHIMANCHAL CAMPUS
Content 2

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►Typography: 3 Hrs
► 4.1 Elements of typographic designs: type style, type form, type size, type
color
► 4.2 Forming the letters: bit-mapped type, outline type
►4.3 General typographic guideline, specific guidelines: point feature, linear feature,
areal feature
Typography 3

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Functions of Typography in Cartography 5

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Typography contributes to the beauty of a map. Text is information added to a map
that assists the user in orientation of a map, aids in recognition of features, and
explains any particular information. Without text a map is referred to as “blind map.”
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Characteristics of Type 7

Type family refers to a group of type

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designs that reflect common design
characteristics and share a common base name
Palatino.
Type Style 8

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► Serif for natural or geographical features
► Sans serif for man made or landscapes

► Descenders are always problem

for cartographers
Serif 9

► Serifed type is preferred in the context of written documents because the serifs provide

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a horizontal guideline that helps to tie subsequent letters together, reducing eye fatigue
Sans Serif 10

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Leading
Tracking 12

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Kerning
Guidelines for using typography 14

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Guidelines… 15

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Guidelines… 16

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Orient type horizontally
Guidelines… 17

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Guidelines 18

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When labeling areal features that are large enough to fully
contain a label, visually center the label within the feature

Exaggerated letter and word spacing can be used to emphasize

areal extent, and is most effective when applied to all-uppercase
type

Leading can also be exaggerated to emphasize areal extent(D)

Areal features that are too small to contain a label should be

labeled as if they were point symbols(E)
Very long linear features can be labeled more than once
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Labels for linear features should be placed upright, not upside

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down

labeling linear features, place type above the features, close to

but not touching them

labeling linear features that have complex curves, follow the

general trend of the feature
Guidelines… 20

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Guidelines 21

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Overprinting is a phenomenon that occurs when a block of type
is placed on top of a map feature.

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mask is a polygon (e.g., a white rectangle) that is placed
underneath type but above the mapped area

A halo is an extended outline of letters

Callouts are a combination of mask and

leader line
Guidelines… 23

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Takeaways 24

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► Maps: People don’t read them. They scan them.
► Ask: Who is your user? How will they use your map?
► Emphasize: WHAT IS THE MESSAGE OF YOUR MAP?
► Goal: Minimize visual traffic
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►Thank you…