Flower and

Inflorosence
By,
Harshitha B C
II prof,BAMS
 Content
1. Introduction
2. Parts of flower
3. Types of flower
4. Symmetry of flower
5. Inflorosence and tyypes
6. Bracts
 Introduction
• The flower is the reproductive unit in the angiosperms, it is ,eamt for
sexual reproduction .
• A typical flower has four different kinds of whorls arranged on the
swollen end of stalk,called thalamus.
• These are calyx ,corrolla,androecium amd gynoecium.
 Types of flowers
Based on the presence of androecium amd gynoecium flower as classified as
1. Bisexual flower : Having both androecium and gynoecium.
2. Unisecual flower: Having either androecium and gynoecium.
Based on presence of floral appendages
3. Trimerous : when floral appendages are multiple of 3.
4. Tetramerous : when floral appendages are ,ultiple of 4.
5. Pentamerous : floral appendagez are multilple of 5.
Based on the position of the floral appendages respect to the ovary.
1. Hypogynous flowers.
2. Perigynous f.owers.
3. Epigynous flowers.
• Hypogynous flowers : gynoecium occupies the highest position while
the other parts are situate below it,ovary is said to be superior here eg.
Mustard,china rose etc.,
• Perigynous flowers :Gynoecium is situated at the centre and other floral
appendages are in the same level, ovary is said to be half superior
here.e.,g plum, rose ,peach etc,.
• Epigynous flowers: Gynoecium is submerged or it gets fused with the
other floral appendages,ovary is said to be inferior here.e.,g
guava,cucumber,ray florets of sunflower etc.,
 Symmetry of flowers
Symmetry of a flower describes whether,and how , a flower can be divided
into two or more identical or mirror image parts.
Types of symmetry
1. Radial symmetry.
2. Bilateral symmetry.
3. Asymmetry.
• Radial symmetry : A flower can be divided into divided into two similar
halves im any radial plane passing through the centre .
• It is also called as actinomorphic e.g., mustard,datura,chilli etc.,
• Bilateral symmetry : A flower can be divided into two similar halves
only in a particular vertical plane.
• It is also called as zygomorphic e.g,pea ,gulmohar,cassiaetc.,
• Asymmetry : Aflower cannot be divided into two similar halves by any
vertical, plane passing through the centre.
• It is also called as irregular e.g., canna
 Inflorosence
• The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is termed as inflorosence.
• The main axis of the inflorosence is called the peduncle .
• A stalk of the flowers is called the pedicel.
• If a flower consists of stalk it is called pedicellate and when pedicel is
abesnt it is called sessile.
 Types of inflorosence
The inflorosence are classified into two
1. Racemose inflorosence
2. Cymose inflorosence
3. Mixed inflorosence
4. Special inflorosence
 Racemose inflorosence
• The main axis continues to grow in the racemose inflorosence.
• It is also known as indefinite type .
• The arrangement if flowers is described as acropetal succession,i.e,,the
older flowers towards the base and younger flowers ate towards the tip.
 Cymose inflorosence
• The main axis terminates in a flower.
• The growth of zxis or peduncle is limited ,hence the cymose inflorosence
is also known as definite type of inflorrosence.
• The apical bud always terminates in a flower.
• The order of arrangement is bassipetal succession i.e oldest flower in
terminal position nd youngest flowers are towars tbe base.
 Mixed inflorosence
• An inflorosence which is partly racemose and partly cymose.
 Special inflorosence
• It is a type of inflorosence which do not resemble both racemose and
cymose inflorosence.
 Bracts
• Bracts are the reduced leaf found at the base of the pedicel
• The flowers with bracts are calle bracteate and without bracts are called
ebracteate.