ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE

E.DV.Legarda
Trends and Issues in Educational Leadership and management
 What is artificial intelligence, how does it work, how it
is revolutionizing industries & education

• Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

• How Artificial Intelligence Works
• Revolutionizing Industries with Artificial Intelligence
• Artificial Intelligence in Education
• Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence
• Future Trends and Opportunities in Artificial
Intelligence
What is artificial intelligence and how does it work?

Illustration:
Imagine a group of researchers, all equipped with
powerful magnifying glasses, examining a massive library
filled with books on various subjects.
In this vast library, each researcher represents a specific
type of AI algorithm designed for different tasks. Some
researchers are experts in understanding images, others
in language, while some excel at making predictions.
They all share one common goal: to learn and extract
valuable information from the books.
What is artificial intelligence and how does it work?
One day, a new librarian, the AI trainer, arrives. The trainer's
mission is to teach the researchers how to find relevant
information in the books effectively. The trainer starts by
presenting a selection of books and highlighting the important
passages, giving the researchers examples of what to look for.
As time goes on, the researchers improve their ability to
extract information from the highlighted passages. They learn
to recognize patterns and connections between words,
images, and numbers. The more books they explore, the better
they become at comprehending different types of content.
What is artificial intelligence and how does it work?

Now, the researchers are ready to explore

the vast library on their own. When
someone brings a new book, the researchers
work together to analyze and understand its
content, drawing from their collective
experiences. This process allows them to
identify patterns and answer questions even
for books they have never seen before.
What is artificial intelligence and how does it work?
In this analogy, the researchers represent AI models,
the books signify vast datasets containing information,
and the librarian stands for the AI trainer who guides
the models during their learning process.
The AI models continue to learn and improve over time,
getting smarter and more adept at handling different
tasks. They can recognize faces, translate languages,
suggest products, or predict stock market trends – all
thanks to the knowledge gained from the vast library of
data they've explored.
What is artificial intelligence and how does it work?

However, it's important to remember that

AI models are only as good as the data they
are trained on and the instructions they
receive. Ethical considerations and ongoing
research are essential to ensure that AI is
used responsibly and beneficially for
society.
How Artificial Intelligence Works
• Machine Learning (ML): AI subset where computers
learn from data to make predictions without explicit
programming.
• Deep Learning: Specialized ML using neural networks
for complex pattern recognition.
• Natural Language Processing (NLP): AI processing
human language for tasks like translation and chatbots.
• Computer Vision: AI analyzing images/videos to
interpret visual information, used in facial recognition
and object detection.
Artificial Intelligence Definition
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the
simulation of human intelligence in machines
that are programmed to think and learn like
humans. These machines are designed to
perform tasks that typically require human
intelligence, such as problem-solving, pattern
recognition, speech and image recognition,
decision-making, and language translation.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

AI in industries
1.Healthcare:
•Diagnosis and Treatment: AI aids in diagnosing diseases by analyzing
medical images and patient data, improving accuracy and speed.
•Drug Discovery: AI accelerates drug development by simulating chemical
reactions and predicting potential drug candidates.
•Personalized Medicine: AI analyzes genetic data to tailor treatment plans
based on an individual's genetic makeup.
•Predictive Analytics: AI predicts disease outbreaks and patient outcomes,
aiding in resource allocation and preventive measures.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

AI in industries
2.Finance:
•Algorithmic Trading: AI algorithms analyze market data to make high-speed
trading decisions, optimizing investment strategies.
•Fraud Detection: AI detects unusual patterns in transactions, identifying
potential fraud and enhancing security.
•Risk Assessment: AI assesses credit risk, insurance claims, and investment
opportunities, improving decision-making accuracy.
•Customer Service: AI-powered chatbots provide quick and accurate customer
support, enhancing user experience.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

AI in Industries

3.Manufacturing:
•Process Optimization: AI optimizes manufacturing processes by
analyzing data and adjusting parameters for efficiency and quality.
•Predictive Maintenance: AI predicts equipment failures, reducing
downtime by scheduling maintenance before breakdowns occur.
•Supply Chain Management: AI enhances supply chain efficiency by
predicting demand, optimizing inventory, and logistics.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

AI in Industries
4.Retail:
•Personalized Shopping: AI analyzes customer preferences to offer tailored
product recommendations and shopping experiences.
•Inventory Management: AI optimizes inventory levels by predicting demand
and reducing overstock or stockouts.
•Dynamic Pricing: AI adjusts prices based on real-time market data,
competition, and demand, maximizing revenue.
•Chatbots and Customer Support: AI-driven chatbots assist customers with
inquiries, providing 24/7 support and improving customer satisfaction.
In each industry, AI's data-driven insights, automation capabilities, and predictive
analytics lead to increased efficiency, cost savings, improved decision-making, and
enhanced customer experiences.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

AI in Education
• Personalized Learning: AI analyzes individual student data to tailor
learning experiences. It identifies strengths and weaknesses,
adapting content and pace to match each student's needs,
fostering better understanding and engagement.
• Intelligent Tutoring Systems: These AI systems act as virtual
tutors, providing customized guidance and support to students.
They offer real-time feedback, answer questions, and adapt
instruction based on a student's progress, enhancing
comprehension and retention.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."
AI in Education
• Automated Grading: AI automates the grading process, saving educators
time and ensuring consistency. It can evaluate objective assignments like
multiple-choice questions and provide prompt feedback, allowing teachers
to focus on more complex aspects of education.
• Virtual Reality in Education: AI-driven virtual reality (VR) creates immersive
learning environments. It enables students to experience historical events,
explore scientific concepts, or practice skills in realistic scenarios, enhancing
engagement and understanding.
Overall, AI empowers educators with tools to offer tailored learning
experiences, optimize teaching strategies, and provide instant feedback,
leading to more effective and engaging education.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

UP Principles for Responsible Artificial Intelligence

• In education, AI challenges range from systemic bias, inequality
for marginalized groups of students, privacy and bias in data
collection and processing. Already, many are worried that
ChatGPT opens the door to cheating and plagiarism.
• It is therefore imperative for the national university, to promote
the positive use and mitigate the negatives of AI.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

UP Principles for Responsible Artificial Intelligence

1. Public good. AI should benefit the Filipino people by fostering inclusive economic growth, sustainable
development, political empowerment and enhanced well-being, among others.
2. Everyone should benefit from AI. Those developing and implementing AI systems should establish and
monitor targets to ensure inclusion, diversity and equality. In developing AI systems, the needs of
vulnerable and marginalized groups must be considered. Incubate local development by localization
and reuse of open-source AI tools.
3. Meaningful Human Control. AI should advance human autonomy and agency. Humans should
ultimately remain in control of, and thus morally responsible for, the behavior of AI systems.
4. Transparency. AI systems should be transparent so that people can understand how these systems work
and make decisions. Individuals should be informed when AI-enabled tools are being used. The
methods should be explainable, to the extent possible, and individuals should be able to understand AI-
based outcomes, ways to challenge them, and meaningful remedies to address any harms caused.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

5. Fairness. AI should be assessed for bias and discrimination. Procedures

should be in place to proactively identify, mitigate, and remedy these
harms. AI developers should be wary of unintended consequences.
6. Safety. AI systems must function in a secure and safe way. Potential risks
should be continually assessed and managed. Compromising safety and
security is never acceptable.
7. Environment Friendly – AI models and tools must ensure that there is no
risk to the environment.
8. Collaboration. A culture of cooperation, trust and transparency should be
fostered among researchers and developers of AI, the university
community, the private sector, civil society, government and other
stakeholders.
 "Artificial intelligence: transforming industries and education
by revolutionizing how machines learn and think."

9. Accountability. University faculty, researchers, staff and students

developing, deploying or operating AI systems should be held
accountable for their proper functioning in line with the above
principle.
10. Governance. It is vital to harness inter-sectoral, interdisciplinary
and multi-stakeholder expertise to inform decision making on
AI. Privacy is a value to uphold and as a right to be protected.
 Ethical considerations in AI include:

1.Bias in AI Algorithms:
•Addressing Bias: Ensuring algorithms do not discriminate against certain groups by
properly training on diverse datasets.
•Fairness: Implementing fairness measures to avoid reinforcing existing societal biases in
AI outcomes.
•Transparency: Providing visibility into how algorithms make decisions to identify and
mitigate bias.
2.Privacy Concerns:
•Data Protection: Safeguarding sensitive personal data by implementing robust encryption
and security protocols.
•Consent: Obtaining informed consent before collecting and using personal data for AI
applications.
•Anonymization: De-identifying data to prevent individuals from being directly
identifiable.
 Ethical considerations in AI include:

3. Job Displacement:
•Reskilling: Investing in education and training programs to help workers transition to new roles AI
cannot replace.
•Social Safety Nets: Creating policies to support individuals who lose jobs due to AI-driven automation.
•Job Creation: Focusing on AI's potential to create new types of jobs and industries.
4.Ensuring Transparency and Accountability:
•Auditability: Designing AI systems that can be audited to understand their decision-making processes.
•Explainability : Ensuring AI's decisions are explainable to users, avoiding "black box" scenarios.
•Regulation: Implementing guidelines and regulations to hold organizations accountable for AI's impact.
Ethical AI practices are vital to prevent unintended consequences, protect user rights, and ensure AI benefits
society as a whole. Striking a balance between innovation and responsibility is crucial in AI development and
deployment.
 Future trends and opportunities
in artificial intelligence (AI) include:

1. Explainable AI (XAI): Developing AI models that can provide transparent explanations for their
decisions, enhancing trust and accountability.
2. AI Ethics and Regulation: Increasing focus on ethical AI development, leading to regulations to
ensure responsible AI deployment.
3. AI in Healthcare: Advancements in medical image analysis, drug discovery, and personalized
treatment using AI-driven insights.
4. Autonomous Systems: Growth of self-driving cars, drones, and robots with AI-driven autonomy
for various applications.
5. Natural Language Processing (NLP) Advancements: Improved language understanding,
enabling more human-like interactions with AI.
6. Edge AI: AI processing at the edge devices (e.g., smartphones, IoT devices), reducing latency
and enhancing privacy.
7. AI-Enhanced Creativity: AI-driven tools assisting artists, musicians, and writers in creative
endeavors.
8. AI in Agriculture: Using AI for precision farming, crop disease detection, and yield optimization.
9. AI in Education: Personalized learning, smart content creation, and adaptive tutoring systems.
 Future trends and opportunities
in artificial intelligence (AI) include:
10.AI in Cybersecurity: AI-powered solutions for threat detection, anomaly detection, and security
monitoring.
11.Quantum AI: Exploration of AI algorithms and applications leveraging quantum computing
capabilities.
12.AI and Sustainability: Using AI to address environmental and sustainability challenges, such as
energy efficiency and resource optimization.
13.AI-powered Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): Enhancing immersive
experiences and simulations.
14.Collaborative AI: Humans and AI working together in seamless collaboration across industries.
15.AI in Financial Services: Enhanced fraud detection, customer service, risk assessment, and
investment strategies.
16.AI for Mental Health: Developing tools for early detection and support of mental health
conditions.
The future of AI is marked by continuous innovation, responsible development, and its
integration into various aspects of our lives. Staying informed about these trends can help
individuals and businesses leverage the opportunities that AI presents.
 REFERENCES
• Book: "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach" by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig - This is a widely used
textbook that covers various aspects of artificial intelligence.
• Research Paper: "Deep Learning" by Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville - This paper is an influential
resource on deep learning, a subfield of AI.
• Website: OpenAI - The organization behind the development of the GPT-3 model and many other AI-related
projects. Their website contains information about their research, models, and publications.
• Website: TensorFlow - TensorFlow is an open-source deep learning framework developed by Google. Their website
offers extensive documentation and tutorials.
• Website: AI News - This website provides up-to-date news and articles on artificial intelligence and related topics.
• Journal: Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR) - JAIR is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes
research in AI.
• Website: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Digital Library - ACM's Digital Library contains a vast
collection of research papers and articles on various topics, including AI.
• Journal: Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) - NeurIPS is one of the premier conferences in the field of
AI, and their proceedings are a valuable resource for cutting-edge research.
• Website: arXiv - An open-access repository that hosts a vast collection of research papers, including those related to
AI.
• Journal: Machine Learning - This journal publishes research on machine learning techniques and applications, which
is closely related to AI.
 Internet:
• https://up.edu.ph/up-principles-for-responsible-artificial-intelligence/?fbclid=IwAR0RVvYZwmuSID2KdqRjj
K2VWJ5k0hbeofsWQhaENr5oVdPsoZcxV0Gc0tk#:~:
text=Individuals%20should%20be%20informed%20when,Fairness
• https://www.facebook.com/reel/1613794642432398
• https://www.facebook.com/reel/3666934626874850
• https://www.facebook.com/watch/?
ref=search&v=414300165865997&external_log_id=3953ddb4-035c-4965-b0c2-3fa12e44e2e8&q=AI
• https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=274089835370166&set=pcb.274090222036794
• https://www.facebook.com/billygeneismarketing/posts/781812637000518/?vh=e&extid=MSG-UNK-UNK-
UNK-UNK_GK0T-GK1C
THANK YOU!!