Synapse and Synaptic Transmission

Definition:
1. A synapse is a specialized junction between two nerve cells or neurons.
2. It enables communication between neurons, allowing the transmission of
signals.
Types:
3. Chemical Synapses:
1. Most common type.
2. Involves the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
4. Electrical Synapses:
1. Direct electrical coupling through gap junctions.
2. Faster transmission but less common.
Understanding Synaptic Transmission
Components of Synaptic Transmission:
1. Presynaptic Terminal:
Where the electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal.
2. Synaptic Cleft:
Small gap separating the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.
3. Postsynaptic Membrane:
Receives the neurotransmitter signals.
Neurotransmitters:
4. Definition:
Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.
Examples:
Acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin.
Synaptic Transmission Process:

Release of Neurotransmitters
From the presynaptic terminal

Binding to receptors
On the postsynaptic membrane

Generation of Postsynaptic Potential

Initiates the transmission of signal to the next neuron
Visual Representation