TYPES OF RUNWAY

TYPES OF RUNWAY
1. VISUAL RUNWAY
2. INSTRUMENT RUNWAY
 VISUAL RUNWAY
1. Are used at small airstrips and are usually just a strip of grass,
gravel, ice, asphalt, or concrete.

2. Usually no markings on a visual runway, they may have threshold

markings, designators, and centerlines.

3. They do not provide an instrument based landing procedure; pilots

must be able to see the runway to use it.

4. Radio communication may not be available and pilots must be self-

reliant.
 Instrument Runway
An instrument runway is one to which instrument departure and approach
procedures are applied.

the instrument departure procedure will be defined in the form of a SID.

ARE CLASSIFED INTO 3

1. Precision runways(using ILS, MLS or PAR approaches)

2. Non-precision(using VOR, NDB in azimuth only approaches)
 Non-precision instrument runways
1. They don't have as many advanced tools to help pilots land.

2. They lack certain precise guidance systems.

3. Pilots need to rely on basic instruments and visual cues to land

safely, making it a bit more challenging than landing on runways
with advanced guidance systems.

4. Pilots have to use their skills and experience to make a successful

landing.
 Precision instrument runways
Landing strips at airports that have extra-helpful technology to guide pilots during
landing.

Runways have precise systems that provide clear information to pilots about their
altitude and alignment with the runway. This helps make landings more accurate
especially in bad weather when visibility is limited.

precision instrument runways are like high-tech runways that make it easier for pilots
to land safely, even in challenging conditions.
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM
ILS
OM - Final Approach Fix (FAF)- 1 NM
MM – 0.5-0.8 NM before threshold
IM – at the threshold of the runway