LESSON

RESEARCH
PROBLEM 4
ROBERT ANTHONY F. YGRUBAY
MT-I
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define research problem;
2. Identify sources of research problem; and
3. Identify the factors to consider to determine
whether a problem is researchable or not.
What is a Research
Problem?
• ANY SIGNIFICANT, PERPLEXING AND CHALLENGING
SITUATIONS, REAL OR ARTIFICIAL, THE SOLUTION OF WHICH
REQUIRES RELFLECTIVE THINKING (Dewey. Good, P. 414).

• A PERPLEXING SITUATION AFTER IT HAS BEEN TRANSLATED

INTO QUESTION OR SERIES OF QUESTIONS THAT HELP
DETERMINE THE DIRECTIONS OF SUBSEQUENT INQUIRY
(Dewey. Good, P. 414).
What is a Research
Problem?
What is a Research
Problem?
Problem: This study aims to create a machine that will help to develop an
irrigation system that is fully automated and will only use solar energy to operate.

Specifically, it attempts to answer the following questions:

1. What is the product development of the Solar Powered Water Pump System in terms of
1.1 structure; and
1.2 Program used?
2. What is the performance of the Solar Powered Water Pump System in terms of:
2.1 Flow rate;
2.2 Time response on dry soil condition?
Seeking a Problem
Theories to be validated, extended, or modified
What are Other studies, particularly through research
good recommendations
sources of National or international trends or situations to be
researchab described or improved
le
Real-life problems, issues, experiences, or
problems?
situations
Factors to consider:
1. THE PROBLEM IS EXISTING IN THE LOCALITY OR COUNTRY
BUT NO KNOWN SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM.
2. THE SOLUTION CAN BE ANSWERED BY USING STATISTICAL
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES.
3. THERE ARE PROBABLE SOLUTIONS BUT THEY ARE NOT YET
TESTED
4. THE OCCURRENCE OF THE PHENOMENON REQUIRES
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION TO ARRIVE AT PRECISE SOLUTION
5. SERIOUS NEEDS/ PROBLEMS OF THE PEOPLE WHERE IT
DEMANDS RESEARCH.
Elements of Research Problem:

• AIM OR PURPOSE OF PROBLEM

• SUBJECT MATTER OR TOPIC TO BE INVESTIGATED
• THE PLACE OR LOCALE WHERE THE STUDY IS TO BE
CONDUCTED
• THE PERIOD OR TIME OF THE STUDY WHICH THE DATA ARE
TO BE GATHERED
• POPULATION OR UNIVERSE FROM WHOM DATA ARE TO BE
COLLECTED
Elements of Research Problem:

EXAMPLE: TO DETERMINE THE STATUS OF TEACHING SCIENCE IN

THE HIGH SCHOOLS OF PROVINCE A DURING THE SCHOOL YEAR
1989- 1990.
AIM: TO DETERMINE THE STATUS OF …
SUBJECT MATTER: THE TEACHING SCIENCE
PLACE OR LOCALE: IN THE HIGH SCHOOLS OF PROVINCE A
PERIOD OF TIME: DURING THE SCHOOL YEAR 1989-1990
POPULATION: RESPONDENTS ARE IMPLIED EITHER THE STUDENTS OR
THE PUPILS OR BOTH.
Characteristics of Research
Problem:

• SPECIFIC
• MEASURABLE
• ACHIEVABLE
• REALISTIC
• TIME BOUND
FRAMING TITLE

Which do you think is a better title?

• Assessment of the influence of information exposure
on students’ perceptions of and attitude towards pre-
marital sex
• High school students’ information exposure,
perceptions of and attitude towards pre-marital sex
FRAMING TITLE

No wasted words
–Try to avoid the following phrases:
•Observations on…
•A study of…
•The effect of…
•The influence of…
FRAMING TITLE

• Concise, accurate, informative

–Not to short to be considered incomplete
–Not too long to be confusing
–Enough to contain the keywords that will give readers
idea what the study is all about

• Most important phrase first

FRAMING TITLE

• GENERALLY, THE TITLE IS FORMULATED BEFORE THE START OF THE

RESEARCH WORK.
What are the • THE TITLE MUST CONTAIN THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE STUDY,
LOCALE, POPULATION AND THE PERIOD OF TIME WHEN THE DATA
standards in WERE GATHERED OR WILL BE GATHERED
writing the • IT MUST BE BROAD ENOUGH TO INCLUDE ALL ASPECTS OF THE
research title? SUBJECT MATTER STUDIED OR TO BE STUDIED
• IT MUST BE AS BRIEF AND CONCISE AS POSSIBLE
• AVOID USING TERMS “AN ANALYSIS OF,” “A STUDY OF,” “AN
INVESTIGATION OF,” AND THE LIKE.
• IF THE TITLE CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE LINE, IT MUST BE WRITTEN
LIKE AN INVERTED PYRAMID, ALL WORDS IN CAPITAL LETTERS.
SAMPLE TITLES OF
PUBLISHED ARTICLES

Farmers’ knowledge and adoption of sustainable

land-use management systems in Matalom, Leyte,
Philippines
• Development of an “Extension Primer” on Tree
Registration Policy in Leyte: An Example of a
Collaborative Material Design
SAMPLE TITLES OF
PUBLISHED ARTICLES

Improvement of the growth, yield, and tuber quality

of purple yam through macro and micronutrient
fertilization

• Significant changes experienced by adopters of

sustainable organic agriculture technologies in
Ormoc City, Philippine
FRAMING TITLE