HAWKER 900XP

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
 HAWKER 900XP
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

GENERAL
The airplane utilizes both DC and AC systems with
emergency systems available for certain
instrument and avionics requirements.

The 28 VDC system uses a tied-busbar powered

from
engine driven starter/generators and backed-up by
batteries.
If an Auxiliary Power Unit is installed, a third
starter/generator is also available.
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Power from the engine-driven generators and the APU

generator is distributed by two essential busbar systems,
PS1 and PS2.

In normal flight conditions the two PS busbars are tied in

parallel by a bus tie controlled by a BUS TIE switch,
selected to CLOSE.

Each generator circuit contains a voltage regulator which

stabilize the busbar at 28 ± 0,75 VDC. With generator on
line, selecting the BUS TIE switch to CLOSE connect the
two PS busbars in parallel.
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AC power is supplied through two systems, one

using inverters, the other engine driven
alternators.
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DC POWER :
EXTERNAL POWER
A standard three pin 28 VDC external power
receptacle is located at the right rear fuselage.
For external starts, a ground power unit capable of
supplying 28 VDC with a minimum output of 42
kW (short term capability of 28 VDC X 1500 AMPS)
and having a limiter operating at 1100 AMPS
must be used.
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External power is connected to the airplane busbars

through a ground power contactor.

The contactor operation is controlled by the EXT PWR

switch located on the overhead roof panel,
and supplied through the external power receptacle.
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BATTERY POWER
Main Airplane Batteries

Two 24 VDC, 28 ampere-hour sealed lead acid main

batteries (No. 1 and No. 2) are located in the rear
equipment bay. These batteries provide internal power
for engine starting and also maintain essential services
for a minimum of 30 minutes in the event of double
generator failure.
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In addition to the main battery supplies, three 24

VDC 4 ampere-hour sealed lead acid.

No. 3, 4 and 5 are located in the rear equipment bay

provide electrical power for the emergency lighting
and essential services during emergency conditions.
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one 24 VDC 4 ampere-hour sealed lead acid battery No.

6 is located in the avionics shelf of the aft cabin. This
battery provides a limited time power source to the
Electronic Standby Instrument System (ESIS) in the event
of a double generator failure.
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Voltmeter

A 0-40V voltmeter and selector switches are provided in

the flight compartment on the overhead roof panel.
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Battery Charging
The No. 1 battery is charged from the PS1 busbar, and No.
2 battery is charged from the PS2 busbar.

As a generator comes on-line, the associated battery

contactor closes automatically and the charge begins.

The batteries may be charged from an external power

source by selecting the EXT BATT CHG switch to ON.

Rates of charges should be monitored on the generator

ammeters during external charging and when the charge
rate drops to less than 5 AMPS the EXT BATT CHG switch
should be selected OFF.
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Two ammeter are provided on the overhead roof panel

and provided generator load and battery charge current.
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Emergency Battery Operation

With no generators or external power supplying the busbars,

selection of the BATT switch to ON will connect both
batteries in parallel to busbar PE via the emergency
contactors.

When any generator comes on-line both emergency

contactors remain closed. The generator fed PS busbar is
connected to its related battery to commence charging, by
closure of the associated battery contactor.

EMERG selection energizes both emergency contactors via

independent circuits and connects both batteries to the PE
busbar powering the essential services.
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GENERATED POWER

DC Power Generation

Two 28 VDC starter/generators, one driven from each engine,

serve as the primary source of power for the airplane.
The generators are self-exciting and each produce a rated
power output of 9 kW when the engine reaches self-sustaining
speed. A third starter/generator, driven from the APU (if
installed) is also available.
The output voltage of each generator is stabilized by an
associated generator control unit (GCU). The GCUs provide
load equalization when the generator outputs are paralleled.
With a main engine or APU generator on-line, and the BUS
TIE closed, the generator and both batteries will be connected
to busbars PS1, PS2 and PE.
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For engine starting, the generator operates as a starter motor
powered by a 28 VDC ground supply, or by the airplane main
batteries connected in parallel. At starter cut-off, the generator
control unit (GCU) voltage regulator assumes control of the
starter/generator field.

Provided the quality of generator output is satisfactory, an

output from the GCU will close the generator line contactor
(GLC) connecting the generator to its associated busbar (PS1
or PS2). When the GLC closes, the related GEN FAIL
annunciator extinguishes.
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Bus Tie Operation
Following an abnormal electrical condition, selecting the BUS
TIE switch to OPEN splits the busbar system into two single-
channel busbars and illuminates the BUS TIE OPEN
annunciator.
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Generator 1 and Generator 2 Operation

Switches labelled GEN 1 or GEN 2 CLOSE/TRIP are

connected to their respective generator circuit.
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APU GENERATOR
The generator driven by the APU is rated at 28 VDC at
250 AMPS. When the APU is running, select and hold the
APU GEN switch (located on the APU control panel -
vestibule panel inner face) to CLOSE for 5 seconds causes
the APU generator contactor to close.

The electrical output of the APU is connected to PS2

busbar.

Selecting the BUS TIE switch to CLOSE also connects the

APU output to PS1
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ENGINE START
USING EXTERNAL POWER
Selecting the EXT PWR switch to ON, with a suitable
external power supply unit, will energize
all busbars including the start busbar providing that
internal start power has not been previously
selected.

USING BATTERY POWER

Selecting the BATT switch to ON energizes PE busbar and
makes the battery power available at the internal start
contactor.
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AC POWER
AC power is supplied from two sources:
1. DC driven static inverters
2. Engine driven alternators
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1. STATIC INVERTERS
Two 1500 VA, 115 V, 400 Hz. main static inverters,
designated No. 1 and No. 2, are installed in the rear
equipment bay. Under normal operating conditions,
these main inverters provide power to the AC busbars.

Failure of a Main Inverter

Failure of one main inverter results in the related INV
FAIL annunciator and ELECT repeater to illuminate.

The auto transfer circuit connects the remaining main

inverter to both busbars.
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2. ALTERNATOR POWER SUPPLY

The AC generated power is supplied from two 208V,
frequency wild, three phase alternators, one driven by
each engine. This supply is used to power the windscreen
and side screen heating and the vane heaters.

Each alternator is controlled by an ALTERNATOR 1 or 2

ON/OFF switch located at the top of the ICE PROTECTION
section of the overhead roof panel.
Failure of an alternator is indicated by an ALTR 1 or 2 FAIL
annunciator on the overhead roof
panel.
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AC POWER DISTRIBUTION

Two main busbars XS 1 and XS 2 are provided. During

normal operation, busbar XS 1 is fed by the No. 1
inverter and XS 2 by the No. 2 inverter.

In the event of a single inverter failure, the remaining

inverter output will be automatically switched to
supply both XS1 and XS2 busbars.
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LIMITATIONS

Batteries
Minimum battery voltage is 23 volts.
Maximum battery charge rate prior to takeoff is 20
amps.

Generators
The generators are limited to 300 amperes continuous.
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HAVE A SAFE FLIGHT

THANK YOU
 HAWKER 900XP

QUESTIONS
1. The batteries will maintain essential service
during a dual generator failure for :
A. 20 minutes
B. 30 minutes
C. 60 minutes
D. 150 minutes

Answer : B
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2. The maximum battery amp for takeoff is :

A. 20 amperes
B. 25 amperes
C. 30 amperes
D. 35 amperes

Answer : A
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3. The ground power receptacle is located :

A. On the left forward fuselage
B. On the left engine nacelle
C. On the right rear fuselage
D. In the right main gear wheel well

Answer : C
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4. For engine starting, the ground power unit must

produce :
A. 28 volts, 1.000 amperes
B. 28 volts, 1.500 amperes
C. 28 volts, 1.100 amperes
D. 28 volts, 1.200 amperes

Answer : B
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5. When a generator is off the line and the GEN FAIL and
ELECT annunciators are illuminated, the generator can be
reinstated by :
A. Positioning the GEN switch to TRIP
B. Resetting the generator circuit breakers
C. Positioning the GEN switch to CLOSE for 5
seconds
then releasing it
D. Turning the EXT PWR switch to ON

Answer : C