Graphs

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How to plot a graph ?

1. Make sure that you have two variables to work with (two columns of data).
2. Decide which of the variable is going to be represented on the x-axis and which will be on the y-
axis.
3. Label the axes on your plot and determine the appropriate scale .
4. Begin by plotting the first two pairs of numbers (the top row of numbers).
5. Continue to plot pairs of points from the table (in rows) until you have plotted all the points .
6. Your final graph should have the same number of points as pairs of data in your table
Quadratic graph
Quadratic graphs are curves that form a symmetrical shape like a U or an upside-down U. They’re used to
represent quadratic equations
How to plot quadratic graph
To plot a quadratic graph, you first need to have a quadratic equation. Let’s say we have the equation
y = 2x^2 + 3x – 1.

To plot the graph, you can choose different values for x, plug them into the equation, and calculate the
corresponding y-values. For example, when x = -2, y would be 2(-2)^2 + 3(-2) – 1, which equals 11.

You can repeat this process for multiple values of x, such as x = -1, 0, 1, and 2. Once you have the coordinates (x, y)
for each point, you can plot them on a graph.

After plotting all the points, you can connect them with a smooth curve. This curve represents the quadratic graph
Example of an quadratic eqation
An example of a quadratic equation:

Y = 2x^2 + 3x – 1.

This equation represents a quadratic relationship between the variables x and y. The highest power of x is 2, making it a
quadratic equation. You can plug in different values for x to calculate the corresponding values of y.

Y = x^2.

In this equation, the variable x is squared, making it a quadratic equation. By choosing different values for x and calculating the
corresponding values for y, you can plot points on a graph to see the quadratic relationship.
Linear function
A function whose all point lay on the same
straight line when graph and demonstrated that a
vertical line test if carried out it will only pass
thought a single point SUCH A LINE IS
CALLED A LINEAR FUNCTION
Linear function and examples on
horrizontal and oblique line
all Horizontal and oblique lines are linear The graph of a linear function is
function . Y= M x + C
Because if a horizontal and oblique line test is Where Y = the dependent variable
applied it will only passes through one points at a
time . M= the coefficent of × represents the gradient

Note: the graph of a linear function is a straight X= the independent variable

line which is called a linear graph C= represents the y intercept
METHOD OF DRAWING THE
GRAPH OF A LINEAR FUNCTION
is to use a table if values to calculate a set of
ordered pairs .
From which a graph of y against x can be drawn
using a graph paper and a suitable scale .
Is to use the principle of RISE and RUN ( gradient ) and the y
intercept .
In geometry, perpendicular lines are defined as two lines that meet
or intersect each other at right angles . The term ‘perpendicular’
originated from the Latin word ‘perpendicularis,’ meaning a plumb
line. If two lines AB and CD are perpendicular, then we can write
them as AB CD.
Perpendicular lines have opposite (signs) reciprocal (flip fraction). So
if slope is -4/5, the perpendicular slope is 5/4. If y=mx+b, we can
subtract mx on both sides to get b=y-mx, and subbing in x=4, y=-3,
and m=5/4, we get b=-3-(5/4)(4), 4s cancel, so you have b=-3-5=-8.
Thus equation is y=5/4 x -8.
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