Strength of materials-1

Unit: Factor of Safety

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 Factor of Safety

F.S >1
The high values of F.S results in unnecessary
wastage of material where as low values of F.S
results unnecessary risk of failure.
[see beer p-28].
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 Working or Design or Allowable Load

The maximum load that a structural member

or a machine component will be allowed to
carry under normal conditions of utilization is
considerably smaller than the ultimate load.
load
This smaller load is called working or
allowable load or design load.
[see beer p-28].

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 What is Factor of Safety?
Factor of safety or FS is a term describing the structural
capacity of a system beyond the expected loads or actual
loads.

There are two distinct uses of FoS:

1. One as a calculate ratio of strength to actual applied loads. This

is a measure of the reliability of a particular design.
2. The other use of FoS is a constant value imposed by law,
standard, specification.

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 Factor of Safety
Buildings 2.0
Pressure vessels 3.5 to 4
Automobiles 3.0
Aircraft and 1.4 to 3.0
spacecraft

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Lo

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 Deformation under Axial loading
If the rod is consists of more than one material and of
varying cross section then the total deformation on the rod
is the summation of the deformation in each portion

Pi Li
 
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