MATERIAL RECOVERY

FACILITY(MRF)

TEAM MEMBER:-20ME013
20ME033
20ME038
20ME437
GUIDED BY:-PROF.H.G.KATARIYA
RECOERY FACILITY
INTRODUCTION
• A MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY IS A SPECIALIZATION PLANT THAT
RECEIVES, SEPARATES, AND PREPARES RECYCLABLE MATERIALS FOR
MARKETING TO END-USER MANUFACTURERS.
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MRF:
1. CLEAN MRF
2. DIRTY MRF
PRINCIPLE OF MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY

• MIXED SOLID WASTES ARE SEPARATED BASED ON THEIR SOURCE FOR

RECOVERY OF MATERIAL.
• THE PROCESS DEPENDS ON THE DEGREE OF SOURCE SEPARATION OF WASTE.
• THE NATURE AND DESIGN OF EACH UNIT PROCESS ACCOMMODATE THE
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOURCE MATERIAL.
• RESOURCE RECOVERY PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE ECONOMIES
OF DEVELOPING NATION
PROCESS INVOLVED IN MRF

TECHNIQU
E
PROCESS
1. SIZE REDUCTION
MANNUAL METHOD MECHANICAL METHOD
2. AIR
CLASSIFICATION
• ELECTROMEGNATIC
3. SCREENING
SEPRATION
• FLUID DYNAMIC
• PNEUMATICS
• OTHER
MANUAL PROCESSING
• BULKY ITEMS (APPLIANCES, FURNITURE, ETC.) AND SPECIFIED
CONTAMINANTS (E.G., HAZARDOUS WASTE)
• MANUAL SEPARATION APPLIES TO THE REMOVAL OF CONTAMINANTS FROM
SOURCE-SEPARATED MATERIALS
• EQUIPMENT INVOLVED IN MANUAL SEPARATION OF MATERIALS USUALLY
INCLUDES A SORTING BELT OR TABLE, WHICH CONTAINS A MIXTURE OF
MATERIALS
• HOPPERS OR OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR RECEIVING REMOVED ITEMS ARE
POSITIONED WITHIN EASY REACH OF THE SORTERS.
MANUAL PROCESSING

• NEWSPAPER (700 TO 4,500KG/HR/PERSON)

• CORRUGATED (700 TO 4,500KG/HR/PERSON)
• GLASS CONTAINERS (MIXED COLOR) (400 TO 800KG/HR/PERSON)
• GLASS CONTAINERS (BY COLOR) (200 TO 400 KG/HR/PERSON)
• PLASTIC CONTAINERS (PET, HDPE) (140 TO 280 KG/HR/PERSON)
• ALUMINUM CANS
MECHANICAL SEPARATION

• SIZE REDUCTION
• GLASS SEPARATION
• AIR CLASSIFICATION
• NON-FERROUS SEPARATION
• SCREENING
• DENSIFICATION
• MAGNETIC SEPARATION
• CONVEYORS
SIZE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE

• THE TERM "SIZE REDUCTION" HAS SEVERAL SYNONYMS IN SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING "SHREDDING" AND "GRINDING".
• REDUCES BULKY ITEMS TO PARTICLES, THE SIZES OF WHICH ARE
COMPATIBLE WITH THE PROCESSING EQUIPMENT.
• THIS UNIFORMITY IS A REQUIREMENT OF SOME MECHANICAL SORTING
SYSTEMS
SIZE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE

• THE HAMMER MILL IS A TYPE OF HIGH-SPEED SHREDDER FREQUENTLY USED

FOR SIZE-REDUCING SOLID WASTE.
• LOW-SPEED, HIGH-TORQUE; FLAIL MILL-TYPE SHREDDERS; AND SHEAR
SHREDDERS ARE ALSO USED IN SOME CASES FOR SIZE-REDUCING SOLID
WASTE.
• ON THE BASIS OF ORIENTATION OF THE ROTOR -- NAMELY, HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL.
Horizontal hammer mill
Vertical hammer mill
SHEAR SHREDDERS

• A shear shredder is also used to size and reduce mixed

waste. This size reduction device is characterized by its
high torque and low rpm.

• The unit consists of two horizontal, counter rotating

shafts. Each shaft contains cutters to tear and shear the
material.

• In shear shredders, shear, and deformation are the primary

mechanisms of particle size reduction. The cutters
typically operate within a range of 20 to 70 rpm.counter-
rotating
AIR CLASSIFICATION

• AIR CLASSIFICATION IS A PROCESS OF SEPARATING CATEGORIES OF MATERIALS BY WAY

OF DIFFERENCES IN THEIR RESPECTIVE AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS.
• THE AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF A PARTICULAR MATERIAL IS PRIMARILY A
FUNCTION OF THE SIZE, GEOMETRY, AND DENSITY OF THE PARTICLES.
• METERNAL REUMERY FACILITY.
• THE SUSPENDED FRACTION CONVENTIONALLY IS REFERRED TO AS THE “AIR-CLASSIFIED
LIGHT FRACTION" AND THE SETTLED FRACTION IS TERMED THE "AIR-CLASSIFIED HEAVY
FRACTION".
• THE CONFINED VOLUME IN WHICH THE SEPARATION TAKES PLACE IS CALLED AN "AIR
CLASSIFIER".
SCREENING

• SCREENS ARE USED FOR ACHIEVING EFFICIENT SEPARATION OF PARTICLES

THROUGH DEPENDENCE ON DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PARTICLE SIZES WITH
RESPECT TO ANY TWO DIMENSIONS.
• SCREENING PROCESS: OVERSIZED FEEDSTOCK, UNDERSIZED FEEDSTOCK
TYPES OF SCREENING
TROMMEL SCREENING:
• THE TROMMEL HAS PROVEN TO BE QUITE EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT FOR
PROCESSING MIXED WASTE AND OTHER MIXTURES WHERE LARGE, FLAT
PARTICLES (E.G., PAPER) AND AGGREGATE-TYPE PARTICLES (E.G., CRUSHED
GLASS) MUST BE SEPARATED.
TYPES OF SCREENING

DISC SCREEN:
• Disc screens have been employed in many waste processing facilities. The predominant
applications to date are effecting the separation of inorganic materials from refuse-derived
fuel fractions, from paper materials, or wood waste.
 MAGNETIC SEPARATION
• MAGNETIC SEPARATION IS A PROCESS USED TO SEGREGATE MAGNETIC (I.E.,
FERROUS) METAL FROM A MIXTURE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF MATERIALS,
E.G., MIXED WASTE OR COMMINGLED METAL, GLASS, AND PLASTIC
CONTAINERS. THE PROCESS IS TECHNICALLY SIMPLE AND OF RELATIVELY
LOW COST.
ALUMINIUM AND GLASS SEPARATION
• THE PREDOMINANT NON-FERROUS METAL REPRESENTED IN THE WASTE STREAM IS
USUALLY ALUMINIUM, AND IT IS OFTENTIMES A TARGET FOR RECOVERY.
• IN THE CASE OF ALUMINIUM, HEAVY MEDIA AND EDDY CURRENT SEPARATION ARE
POSSIBILITIES.
• EDDY’S CURRENT SEPARATION IS, AT PRESENT, THE MORE COMMERCIALLY
FEASIBLE.
• SEPARATION IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE EJECTION OF ALUMINIUM PARTICLES FROM
A MOVING WASTE STREAM DUE TO THE FORCE EXERTED ON THE METALLIC
PARTICLES AS THEY PASS THROUGH AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FLUX GENERATED BY
THE EQUIPMENT.