CAVITE

MUTINY

One past but

many histories:
Controversies and
Conflicting Views in
Philippines History
The 12th of June of every year since 1898 is a very important event for all the Filipinos.
In this particular day, the entire Filipino nation as well as Filipino communities all over
the word gathers to celebrate the Philippines Independence day.

There will be no 1896 Philippine Revolution if there was no 1872 Cavite Mutiny.
2 major Events Happened in 1872:

1. 1872 Cavite Mutiny

2. The Martyrdom of the Three Priests
MUTINY
• A rebellion against authority
• comes from an old verb “mutine” which means
revolt
What happened?
January 20, 1872
• A Cavite Arsenal Revolt happened.
What happened?
January 20, 1872
• A Cavite Arsenal Revolt happened.
• Uprising of military personnel of Fort
San Felipe (the Spanish Arsenal in
Cavite, Philippines.)
What happened?
January 20, 1872
• A Cavite Arsenal Revolt happened.
• Uprising of military personnel of Fort
San Felipe (the Spanish Arsenal in
Cavite, Philippines.)
What happened?
January 20, 1872
• A Cavite Arsenal Revolt happened.
• Uprising of military personnel of Fort
San Felipe (the Spanish Arsenal in
Cavite, Philippines.)
• About 200 men comprised of soldiers,
laborers of arsenal, and residents of
Cavite rose up in the belief that it would
elevate to a national uprising.
What happened?
January 20, 1872
• A Cavite Arsenal Revolt happened.
• Uprising of military personnel of Fort
San Felipe (the Spanish Arsenal in
Cavite, Philippines.)
• About 200 men comprised of soldiers,
laborers of arsenal, and residents of
Cavite rose up in the belief that it would
elevate to a national uprising.
• The mutiny was unsuccessful, and
government soldiers executed many of
the participants.
What happened?
February 17, 1872
• The three priests or the
GOMBURZA were executed.
• Collective name of the three martyred priests.
( Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto
Zamora).
• Tagged as the masterminds of the Cavite
Mutiny.
• They were prominent Filipino
charged with treason and
sedition.
• The Spanish clergy connected
the priests to the mutiny as part
of a conspiracy to stifle the
movement of secular priests who
desired to have their own
parishes instead of being
assistants to the regular friars.
What happened?
February 17, 1872
• The three priests or the
GOMBURZA were executed.
• they were summarily tried and
sentenced to death at
Bagumbayan Field in the
morning by garrote for being
linked as instigators in Cavite
Arsenal Revolt
Garrote – killing
someone by
strangulation typically
with an iron wire or
chord.
TWO FACES OR PERSPECTIVE OF CAVITE
MUTINY

1. Spanish Version
2. Filipino Version
(a prolific Spanish historian)
Rafael Geró nimo Cayetano
Izquierdo y Gutiérrez was a
Spanish Military Officer, politician,
and statesman. He served as
Governor-General of the
Philippines from 4 April 1871 to 8
January 1873.
Born: September 30, 1820,
Santander, Spain
Died: November 9, 1883, Madrid,
Spain
Full name: Rafael Geró nimo
Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
Nationality: Spanish
• Magnified the event and made use of it to
implicate the native clergy, which was then
active in the call for secularization.
• Magnified the event and made use of it to
implicate the native clergy, which was then
active in the call for secularization.

• He reported to the King of Spain that the

“rebels” wanted to overthrow the Spanish
government to install a new “hari” in the likes
of Father’s Burgos and Zamora
 “…it has not been clearly determined if
they planned to establish a monarchy
or republic , because the indios have
no words in their language to describe
this form of government…”

“…whose head in Filipino would be called

hari: but it turns out that they would place
at the head of the government a priest…
that the head selected would be Jose
Burgos, or Jacinto Zamora…”
Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera (Dr.
Pardo De Vera)
Born: April 13 1857 in Manila
Died: on March 26 1925 in the age
of 67 years old
Nationality: Filipino
• A Filipino Scholar and
Researcher
• Wrote a Filipino version of the
bloody incident in Cavite.
ACCORDING TO PARDO DE TAVERA,

The incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and laborers of the
Cavite arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the abolition of their privileges.

• Blamed Gov. Izquierdo cold blooded policies such as:

- the abolition of privileges of the workers and native army members of the arsenal.
- Prohibition of the founding of school pf arts and trades for the Filipinos, which the
general believed as a cover-up of organization and political club.
Tavera believed that the Spanish friars and Izquierdo used the Cavite
Mutiny as a powerful lever by magnifying it as a full-blown conspiracy
involving not only the native army but also included residents of Cavite and
Manila, and more importantly the native clergy to overthrow the Spanish
government in the Philippines.
• Convicted educated men
who participated in the
mutiny were sentenced life
imprisonment.
• Convicted educated men
who participated in the
mutiny were sentenced life
imprisonment.
• Convicted educated men
who participated in the
mutiny were sentenced life
imprisonment.

• Members of the native

clergy headed by the
GOMBURZA were tried and
executed by garrote.

• This episode leads to the

awakening of Nationalism
and eventually to the
outbreak of Philippine
Revolution of 1896.
Our Philippine Independence can be
traced back from the Cavite Mutiny
Thank you!