Public Health Engineering

SEWERAGE SYS DESIGN- VELOCITIES,

SEWER SIZE & INVERT LEVEL
 Flow Velocity – Sewer Size – Invert Lvl
2

 MINIMUM (SELF CLEANSING) VELOCITY: Sewage should flow at all times

with sufficient velocity to prevent the settlement of solid matter in the sewer. Self
Cleansing Velocity is the minimum velocity that ensures non settlement of suspended
matter in the sewer. The following minimum velocities are generally employed
• Sanitary sewer = 0.6 m/sec
• Storm sewer = 1.0 m/sec
• Partially combined sewer = 0.7 m/sec
MAXIMUM VELOCITY: The maximum velocities in the sewer pipes should not
exceed 3.0m/sec. Steeper slopes should be avoided to reduce abrasion of sewer.
AIR ALLOWANCE FOR GASIOUS FLOW: Upto 15” dia Sewer usually 33% air
allowance is considered and for larger dia it is considered 20-25%
 Hydraulic
Flow Velocity
Elements– of
Sewer
Partially
Size Flowing
– Invert Lvl
Sewer
3

 MINIMUM SEWER SIZE: 225mm is taken as the minimum sewer size. The reason
being that, the choking does not take place even with the bigger size particles, which
are usually thrown into the sewer through manholes.
 SPACING OF MANHOLE: Fol spacing are considered sufficient for maintenance
view point:
 For 9” to 15” Pipe = >100m
 For 18” to 30” Pipe = upto 120m
 For more than 30” Pipe = upto 150m
DIRECTION OF SEWER LINE:
Sewer should flow, as for as possible the Natural Slope.
 Hydraulic Elements–of
Flow Velocity Partially
Sewer SizeFlowing
– Invert Sewer
Lvl
 INVERT LEVEL 4
The lowest inside level at any cross-section of a sewer pipe is known as Invert Level
at that Cross-section.
Invert Level = NGL/Road Level – Depth of Sewer – Thickness of Sewer – Dia. of
Sewer

NGL / FRL

Sewer Depth

Invert
Lvl
Dia of
Sewer
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