2.

1 The Formation of the

Light Elements
Jenny Bea Templonuevo
Student Teacher
Did you know that the
protons and neutrons are
formed a few seconds after
the Big Bang?
At first the universe was
so hot and the particles
was so energetic that
when they collided they
are destroyed.
 However, the universe
was expanding and as
the universe expands, it
cools. With the right
temp. the proton and
electron could combine.
 When the proton and
neutrons collided and
combine, new element is
produced. This process
is called BIG BANG
NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
 LIGHT
ELEMENTS
Hydrogen H
Helium He
Lithium Li
Beryllium Be
 NUCLEAR SYMBOL
MASS NUMBER
(protons+neutrons)
Name of
4 element

He
2
Symbol of
element
ATOMIC NUMBER
(protons)
Isotopes
came from the Greek word ‘ISOS’
which means “same” and
Topos meaning “place”
 The Nuclei of the Three ISOTOPES of
Protium/proton Hydrogen
Deuterium/ Tritium/triton
deuteron

+ +
+
1H 2 H 3H
1 1 1 proton 1 1 proton
1 proton 1 neutron 2 neutrons
More examples of Isotopes:
 Helium have 9 isotopes but only 3He
and He are stable.
4

 Lithium – 6 Li and 7 Li
 Beryllium – 7Be, 9Be, 10Be (12
isotopes)
As the universe continue to expands,
the temperature drop to a point where
the particles were no longer have
enough energy to be able to collide
and combine. (they just bounced)
The universe was able to create a lot of
H, He and a few Li and Be.

All you need to remember is the words

Collision and Combination.
Base on the Activity, what are
the 4 elements formed?
What are these Elements Called?

Light Elements
The 4 light Elements are formed in the
process called?

Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis
Quiz: (1 whole)

1. What is formed after a few seconds of the big bang?

2. What will happen to the particles if the universe is too hot?
3. What will happen to the particles if the universe is cold?
4. With just right Temperature?
5. The collision and combination of proton and neutron to produce new
element.
6. Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
7. Give the other 2 isotopes of hydrogen.
8. Four Light Elements
9-10. Mass number is a combination of ________ and ________.
Assignment:

How does the elements heavier than

beryllium formed?
What is the new element
formed?
+ +
++
+ + = +

Helium - 4 Triton ?
What is the new element
formed?
+ + +
+ = + +
+ + +
4
He 4
He
?