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  • 3 2 2 Chemsheets As Group 2 Physical Properties

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    This document discusses some physical properties of Group 2 elements: 1) Atomic radius increases down the group as the atoms get bigger with more electron shells. Beryllium has the smallest atomic radius while barium has the largest. 2) First ionization energy decreases down the group due to atoms getting bigger and electrons experiencing more shielding, making them less tightly bound. 3) Melting point decreases down the group because the metallic bonding weakens as the metallic ions get larger and further apart. Calcium has the highest melting point while barium has the lowest.

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    3 2 2 Chemsheets as Group 2 Physical Properties

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    This document discusses some physical properties of Group 2 elements: 1) Atomic radius increases down the group as the atoms get bigger with more electron shells. Beryllium has the smallest atomic radius while barium has the largest. 2) First ionization energy decreases down the group due to atoms getting bigger and electrons experiencing more shielding, making them less tightly bound. 3) Melting point decreases down the group because the metallic bonding weakens as the metallic ions get larger and further apart. Calcium has the highest melting point while barium has the lowest.

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    22 views5 pages

    3 2 2 Chemsheets As Group 2 Physical Properties

    Uploaded by

    zasgher2
    This document discusses some physical properties of Group 2 elements: 1) Atomic radius increases down the group as the atoms get bigger with more electron shells. Beryllium has the smallest atomic radius while barium has the largest. 2) First ionization energy decreases down the group due to atoms getting bigger and electrons experiencing more shielding, making them less tightly bound. 3) Melting point decreases down the group because the metallic bonding weakens as the metallic ions get larger and further apart. Calcium has the highest melting point while barium has the lowest.

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    of 5

    WWW.CHEMSHEETS.CO.

    UK

    GROUP 2 –
    PHYSICAL
    PROPERTIES
    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 1058 3-July-15
    ATOMIC RADIUS

    Be
    0.25
    atomic radius (nm)

    0.2 Mg

    0.15
    Ca
    0.1
    0.05 Sr

    0
    Be Mg Ca Sr Ba
    Ba

    • more electron shells


    • so bigger atoms
    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 1058 3-July-15
    ATOMIC RADIUS

    From: http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/beginning-chemistry/s12-05-periodic-trends.html
    1st IONISATION ENERGY
    1000

    1st ionisation energy


    800
    600

    400
    200

    0
    Be Mg Ca Sr Ba
    General trend down group
    • atoms get bigger
    • more shielding
    • therefore weaker attraction from nucleus to electron in
    outer shell

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 1058 3-July-15


    MELTING POINT
    Calcium (Ca) Strontium (Sr)
    2000 Mpt 850ºC Mpt 768ºC
    melting point (K)

    e-
    1500
    e-- 2+
    e- 2+ e2+ e- 2+ 2+e-2+
    2+
    2+ -
    e- e- e
    e e- e- e- e- e- e-
    1000
    e- - 2+ 2+ e-
    e2+
    2+ e2+- e-2+e-
    e- e- e-
    500
    2+e-2+ 2+e- 2+ e- e- e-
    e- e-2+
    e- e- e-e- e- 2+ 2+ 2+
    0
    e- 2+ 2+
    2+ e- e-
    e- e-
    Be Mg Ca Sr Ba
    -
    2+ 2+
    e e-
    e- 2+

    General trend down group


    • weaker metallic bonding
    • as metal ions are bigger
    • so lower melting points
    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 1058 3-July-15

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