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NaCl
SIMPLE MOLECULAR e.g. CH4
SIMPLE MOLECULAR e.g. CH4
SIMPLE MOLECULAR e.g. I2
GAS I2 I
I I
I
I
I
I
I
SOLID I2 I I LIQUID I2
I I I I I
I
I I I
I
I I
I
I
PROPERTY EXPLANATION
Melting & LOW Weak forces
boiling
between molecules
points
Weak forces
Strength BRITTLE
between molecules
Solubility in
SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE
water
SIMPLE MOLECULAR e.g. ice
SIMPLE MOLECULAR e.g. ice
PROPERTY EXPLANATION
Melting &
Weak forces
boiling LOW
between molecules
points
http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/diamond.htm
Great rotatable structures (but they are NOT molecules!!)
GIANT COVALENT e.g. diamond
PROPERTY EXPLANATION
Melting & Need to break all
boiling VERY HIGH strong covalent
points bonds
Rigid arrangement
Strength STRONG of atoms held by
covalent bonds
Solubility in
INSOLUBLE
water
GIANT COVALENT e.g. graphite
http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/diamond.htm
Great rotatable structures (but they are NOT molecules!!)
GIANT COVALENT e.g. graphite
PROPERTY EXPLANATION
Melting & Need to break all
boiling VERY HIGH strong covalent
points bonds
Some electrons free
Electrical
CONDUCTS to move between
conductivity
layers
Weak forces
Strength BRITTLE between layers so
layers can slide
Solubility in
INSOLUBLE
water
GIANT COVALENT e.g. graphene
C Graphene
GIANT COVALENT e.g. graphene
METALLIC e.g. Mg
PROPERTY EXPLANATION
Melting & Strong attraction
boiling HIGH between +ve ions
points and delocalised e-’s
Outer shell
Electrical
CONDUCTS electrons free to
conductivity
move
Layers can slide
Strength STRONG while maintaining
metallic bonding
Solubility in
INSOLUBLE
water
Rank these metals in order of melting points:
Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
+ e-+ + e- +e- e- --
2+ e2+ e2+
e 2+
- + e- + e- Sodium --- - - -
e e e e e Magnesium
e+ - - -- -
e
e 2+ 2+ 2+ e
e- e- (Na) e e e
e-
+ + e+ + - -- e 2+
2+e 2+ 2+
(Mg)
e-
- -- - - -
e e ee e
2+
e 2+ 2+
+ e-+ e-+ e-
e -
+ + e+ -
e- -
e
+e- e+ + -+
e Potassium
-
-
e e - (K)
+
- e+- + e-
e
+ e-+ + e- +
+ e-+ + e- +e- e- --
2+ e2+ e2+
e 2+
- + e- + e- Sodium --- - - -
e e e e e Magnesium
e+ - - -- -
e
e 2+ 2+ 2+ e
e- e- (Na) e e e
e-
+ + e+ + Mpt 98ºC - -- e 2+
2+e 2+ 2+
(Mg)
e-
- -- - - -
e e ee e
2+
e 2+ 2+ Mpt 650ºC
+ e-+ e-+ e-
e -
+ + e+ -
e- -
e
+e- e+ + -+
e Potassium
-
-
e e - (K)
+
- e+- + e-
e Mpt 64ºC
+ e-+ + e- +
+ e-+ + e- +e- e- --
2+ e2+ e2+
e 2+
- + e- + e- Sodium --- - - -
e e e e e Magnesium
e+ - - -- -
e
e 2+ 2+ 2+ e
e- e- e e e
e-
+ + e+ +
(Na) - -- e 2+
2+e 2+ 2+
(Mg)
e-
- Mpt 98ºC -- - - -
e e ee e
2+
e 2+ 2+ Mpt 650ºC
+ e-+ e-+ e- Con 0.218 Con 0.224