HORMONE

FEEDBACK
&
PREGNANC
Y
 A zygote or a fertilized egg is formed when a sperm successfully
penetrates the nuclei fuse. A fertilization membrane develops to
prevent other sperms to further penetrate the egg. This process wherein
the sperms nucleus and the ovum unites is called fertilization. It usually
takes place while the egg is traveling along the oviduct or fallopian
tube. It will take about 7 to 10 days for an egg, fertilized or not, to
reach the uterus.
The following processes summarize the significant stages of reproduction:

1.Egg cells are formed in each ovary.

2. Each month, one ovary releases an egg. Normally, only one egg is
released about every 28 days. The ovaries usually take turns at releasing
eggs.

3. Once released from the ovary, the egg moves into a tube called oviduct.
Oviducts are tube-like organs that connect the ovaries to the uterus. The
uterus is a muscular organ in which the fertilized egg develops.
4. Sperm cells are released into the vagina during mating.
The vagina is a muscular tube that leads from the outside of
the female's body to the uterus. Sperm cells swim from the
vagina into the uterus and into the oviducts. If an egg is
present, fertilization takes place. Once fertilized, the egg
moves down the oviduct into the uterus.

5. The fertilized egg then attaches itself into the wall of the
uterus which is called implantation. Once attached, it will
remain there for nine months as it develops into a baby.
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
 Ectopic pregnancy results if
implantation occurs anywhere
other than the uterine cavity. The
most common site of ectopic
pregnancy is in the fallopian tube.
Implantation in the fallopian tube
can be fatal and can cause the tube
to rupture. In some cases,
implantation can occur in the
mesenteries of the abdominal
cavity and the fetus can develop
normally but must be delivered by
caesarian section.
Fertilization
 When a sperm encounters an egg cell in the fallopian tube, it releases
digestive enzymes. Those enzymes clear the path for the sperm nucleus
to fuse with the nucleus of the ovum or egg cell. A zygote is now
formed.
Implantation
 This occurs before the end of the first week. By this process, the zygote
attaches to the uterine lining, and some of its cells send out projections
that has been part of the maternal tissue. The inner cell mass becomes
the embryonic disc. This disc will give rise to the embryo proper during
the week following implantation.
Birth or Parturition
Birth takes place about 39 weeks after fertilization. The birth
process begins when the uterus starts to contract. For the next
two to eighteen hours, the contraction becomes stronger and
more frequent. The cervical canal dilates fully and the
amniotic sac ruptures.
Birth typically occurs less than an hour after full
dilation. Immediately afterward, uterine contraction
forces fluid, blood, and the placenta out of the body. The
umbilical cord is now cut, and the newborn embarks on
its nurtured existence in the outside world
 ACTIVITY 2.3 YES OR NO

In this activity, you will determine the different processes involved during pregnancy.
Directions: Write YES if the statement is true; write NO if the statement is false.
Write your answer on a separate 1/4 sheet of paper.
1. The uterus houses a zygote.
2. Sperm always survive all barriers and obstacles during their travel to meet an
egg.
3.Egg cells are formed in each ovary.
4. Implantation occurs before the end of the first week.
5. Ectopic pregnancy results if implantation occurs anywhere other than the uterus.
6. A zygote is formed when a sperm successfully penetrates their nuclei fuse.
7. The fertilized egg moves down the oviduct into the uterus.
8. When a sperm encounters an egg cell in the fallopian tube, it releases
enzymes.
9. Sperm cells are released into the vagina during mating. 10. Ovulation takes
place on the 14th day from the first day of menstruation.
10. Ovulation takes place on the 14th day from the first day of menstruation.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING.