WHY DRRRM

While the country is exposed to hazards

that can alter the course of everyday life,
bringing this subject to each classroom
gives the people the power to take control
of their lives and of nation-building in
whatever the situation they may encounter
in the future.
 DISASTER
AND
DISASTER RISK
Basic Concept of Disaster and
Disaster Risk
 Disaster
 Disaster – a sudden, calamitous event,
bringing great damage, loss, destruction and
devastation to life and property”
 A serious disruption of the functioning of
community or a society causing widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses that EXCEED the ability of the affected
community or society to cope using its own
resources.
 Disaster Risk
 Disaster risk is expressed as the likelihood (tsansa) of
loss of life, injury or destruction and damage from a
disaster in a given period of time.

A man stands surrounded by the devastation wrought by Typhoon Haiyan

in the city of Tacloban
© Henry Donati/Department for International Development CC by 2.0
Nature of Disaster
 Natural Disasters – these originate from the different
forces of nature (geological, meteorological,
hydrometerorological and biological). Natural disasters
includes earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, and
cyclones.
 Human-made disasters – these disasters occur due to
people’s actions against human, material, and
environment. These includes transport and industrial
accidents, such as air and train crashes, chemical spills,
and building collapses, Terrorism is also categorized as
human-made disaster.
 Risk Factors Underlying Disasters
A number of factors make it more likely that those affected will have
more severe stress reactions after disasters.
 Severity of exposure – the amount of exposure to the disaster is
highly related to risk of future mental problems. According to
study, half of the survivors suffer from distress or mental health
problems.
 Gender and Family - women or girls suffer more negative
effects than do men. Marital stress has been found to increase after
disasters.
 Age – Adults who are 40-60 are likely to be more distressed after
disasters – since he/she has more demands from job and family.
 Developing countries – risk factors can be made worse if the
disaster occurs in a developing country.
 Low or negative social support – social support can weaken after
disasters.
Types of Disasters
NATURAL TYPES OF DISASTERS
• Agricultural disasters • Tornadoes
• Storm surge • Tsunamis
• Drought & La Nina • Wildfires
• Earthquake • Sinkholes
• Hurricane • Pandemic influenza
• Landslide • Extreme heat
• Thunderstorm and lightning • Floods and flash floods

HUMAN-MADE & TECHNOLOGICAL TYPES OF

DISASTERS
• Hazardous materials
• Power service disruption and
blackout
• Radiological emergencies
• Cyber attacks
• Explosion
• Civil unrest
• Chemical threat & biological weapons