Reading and

Writing Skills
ENTER
Let us Review
The Writing
Process
 Learning Targets
At the end of the lesson, I can …
01

02
Distinguish between and among
03
techniques in selecting and organizing
04
information.
01
General Steps
02

03
1.Pre-writing
04
2.Writing
3.Revising
 This process can be broken
01
down into the following
02 sequence:
03
 Discovering ideas by pre-writing;
 Finding a thesis statement;
04
 Developing a thesis statement with
supporting details;
 This process can be broken
01
down into the following
02 sequence:
03
 Organizing the details using an outline;
 Writing paragraphs in the first draft;
04
 Revising the draft; and
 Editing and proofreading
 How do you feel
whenever you see a
blank piece of
paper?
 Defining Pre-Writing

01  The Foundation of Strong Writing

02
 It refers to the activities you do before actually
03 putting pen to paper.
04
 It’s like building a roadmap before embarking on a
journey.
 Key Function

01  Generating and exploring ideas

02  Defining your purpose and audience
03  Organizing your thoughts
04  Research and information gathering
 Benefits of Pre-writing

01  Reduces writer's block

02  Improves clarity and focus
03  Saves time in the long run
04  Boosts creativity
 Different Pre-writing Strategies

01  Brainstorming
02
 Freewriting
03
 Clustering
04
 Outlining
 Asking questions
Remember

Pre-writing is a personal process. Don't

be afraid to get messy and have fun with
it! The important thing is to get your
ideas flowing and develop a clear
direction for your writing.
Writing the
Thesis
Statements
“ If you have a goal, write it down. If you
do not write it down, you do not have a
goal– you have a wish.”

Steve Maraboli
Thesis Statement

 Central idea of an essay

 It reflects your purpose for writing.
 It is not the subject or topic itself but an
interpretation of the topic.
Formulating a Thesis Statement
 It is a product of thinking about your ideas,
seeking evidence, and looking for
relationships between these.

 It is a potential thesis statement if an

interesting angle on an issue catches your
attention.
Formulating a Thesis Statement

 Creating a thesis statement results from

looking at your own paper’s general subject
and narrowing it down to something specific.
Characteristics of an Effective Thesis Statement

1. Responds to the assignment by following

instructions.
2. Expresses the main idea in one to two
sentences.
3. Focuses on a specific issue
4. States a stand on the topic
Characteristics of an Effective Thesis Statement

5. Says something meaningful by answering the

questions: “So what?” , “how” , “why?”
6. Previews the rest of the essay by being placed in
the introduction.
7. Reflects a tone and point-of-view appropriate to
the identified purpose and audience.
Characteristics of an Effective Thesis Statement

7. Reflects a tone and point-of-view appropriate to

the identified purpose and audience.
Guidelines on writing Thesis Statements

1. Avoid making overly-opinionated stands.

2. Avoid making announcements
3. Avoid stating only facts
Guidelines on writing Thesis Statements

1. Avoid making overly-opinionated stands.

While a thesis statement needs to reveal your

attitude toward the topic, be careful not to go to
extremes and write a thesis statement with an
exaggerated claim.
Guidelines on writing Thesis Statements

2. Avoid making announcements

Sometimes, it is easier just to tell your reader what

you intend to write about.

“In this essay, I will be discussing the benefits of

joining the ROTC.”
Guidelines on writing Thesis Statements

3. Avoid stating only facts

If you rely on facts in your thesis statements, you

will not have much room for discussion because
facts are not as debatable as opinions.
Questions?
: ¼, ma’am?
: Yes, 1/4 !
1. What is the first stage of the
writing process?
2. What do you call the strategy that
the aim is not to produce a logical
flow of ideas but to provide yourself
with as many choices for your topic
as possible.
3. What do you call a strategy when
the writer consider keywords and
terms for their writing. It usually
starts with a major topic, followed
by its related topics and subtopics.
4. It is writing down your thoughts
nonstop. The rules of grammar,
punctuation, capitalization, and style
do not matter here.
5. What do you call the central idea
of an essay?
6. What do you call the activities
you do before actually putting pen to
paper?
7-9. What are the three general steps
in the writing process?
10-11. Give at least two benefits of
Pre-Writing
12-14. What are the guidelines on
Writing a Thesis Statements?
15. What is the benefits of having a
thesis statement in your essay?
Thank you for
listening! 