Professional Documents
Culture Documents
West Asia
Guess
the Flag
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Syria
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Saudi Arabia
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Lebanon
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Jordan
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Israel
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Iraq
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Iran
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Cyprus
Well
done!
The United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
lists the following countries as part of West Asia.
These countries are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain,
Cyprus, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, (uwait,
Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
Further, the United Nations Industrial Organization
and the National Geographic Style Manual include
Iran as part of the region.
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West Asia is the birthplace of some of the oldest civilizations
in the world: Mesopotamia (composed of modern-day Iraq,
southwest Iran, Kuwait, northeast Syria, and southeast
Turkey), ancient Iran (Persia), Asia Minor or Anatolia (western
portion of the Asian part of Turkey, northwestern Iran, western
Azerbaijan, and southern Georgia), and the Levant (modern-
day Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, and Palestine). These
ancient civilizations have had a longstanding impact on various
sectors of the modern world. Their impact can be felt in today's
agriculture, metallurgy, monotheism, cities, regional states, art,
and literature.
13
Cyprus
•Cyprus, an island in the
Mediterranean, is known for its
fertile land and gentle climate.
•Abundant mineral resources
have attracted settlers as early as
10,000 BC.
•Early inhabitants left a
significant archaeological record
showcasing cultural
achievements.
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Cyprus
•Handicrafts, including embroidery and lace
works, are integral to Cypriot arts.
•The traditional headscarf, Yemeni,
symbolizes richness and features colorful
floral designs.
•Lefkaritika, a lacework from Lefkara
village, and Lapta lace from Lapithos town
are celebrated crafts.
•Silk works and plant knitting are also
prominent handicrafts in Cyprus.
•Rug weaving and basketry, particularly
kilim rugs with bold patterns, are traditional
arts practiced widely, especially in Karpass
peninsula villages.
lef karitika 15
Iran
•The art and architecture of modern-
day Iran reflect a heritage spanning
five millennia.
•Influenced by various cultures, Iran's
artistic traditions have flourished on
the Iranian plateau.
•Iran is renowned for its paintings,
architecture, pottery, and particularly
famed miniature paintings deeply
connected with poetry.
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Iran
•The art and architecture of modern-
day Iran reflect a heritage spanning
five millennia.
•Influenced by various cultures, Iran's
Persian tile artistic traditions have flourished on
set the Iranian plateau.
•Iran is renowned for its paintings,
architecture, pottery, and particularly
famed miniature paintings deeply
connected with poetry.
Persian
carpet 17
Iraq
•Modern-day Iraq encompasses
ancient Mesopotamia, known as the
"Fertile Crescent," located between the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
•Mesopotamia was a center of early
civilization, producing numerous
inventions and artworks.
•Iraq has witnessed the rise and fall of
various cultures, shaping its scientific
and artistic heritage.
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Iraq
•Iraqi art shares similarities with other parts
of West Asia, with elaborate gardens and
skilled rug weaving techniques reminiscent
of neighboring Iran.
•Iraqi classical music traces back to the
Abbasid Empire, with musicians performing
poems by court bards.
•Iraq is credited with inventing the world's
oldest guitar and is renowned for its
architectural treasures, including ziggurats
and courtyard houses.
•Music, arts and crafts, and architecture are
integral to Iraq's culture and history.
19
Israel
•In 2016, archaeologists excavated two
mosaic panels depicting the parting of the
Red Sea and Noah's Ark at the Hugoq
synagogue, dating back to the fifth century.
•This discovery has led to a revival of
mosaics in Israeli art, with an increasing use
of mosaics to decorate public spaces.
•Israel's art scene is renowned for its
vibrancy, with artists drawing from diverse
influences within the Jewish world and
creating their own unique styles.
•Modern sculpture and painting in Israel are
heavily influenced by European art
traditions.
20
Jordan
•Jordan is renowned for its handicrafts,
including pottery, ceramics, mosaics,
basketry, embroidery, carpet weaving, and
rug making.
•Traditional Jordanian mosaics and ceramics
often feature Islamic motifs and may
incorporate calligraphy inspired by the
Mamluk and Umayyad periods.
•Embroidery is a significant part of Jordan's
cultural heritage, with women, particularly
those of Palestinian origin, creating
traditional Jordanian embroidered dresses
using varied patterns and colors.
21
Lebanon
•Lebanon is a vibrant artistic hub in West Asia, where
painting, poetry, music, dance, and theater play vital roles in
cultural life.
•Traditional and modern Arabic music can be heard
throughout the country, featuring instruments like the oud,
tablah, nay, and ganun.
•The oud, a pear-shaped stringed instrument, holds a
prominent position as the king of Arabic musical instruments.
•The tablah, also known as durbakke, is a small hand drum,
while the nay is a flute and the ganun is a stringed instrument.
•The dabke, a lively line dance, is Lebanon's national dance
and is commonly performed at weddings and other significant
events.
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Saudi Arabia
•Calligraphy and book arts, including
illumination, are highly esteemed visual art
forms in Saudi Arabia.
•Ceramics, glass, jewelry, and carpets are
intricately decorated with calligraphy,
geometric shapes, and arabesques.
•Saudi Arabia showcases impressive
architecture, with designs influenced by
geography and climate, varying across
regions.
•Mosques along the Red Sea are constructed
from coral, while those in the eastern part
favor natural red stone, and adobe is used in
mosques at the center of the country.
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Saudi Arabia
•Bedouin culture strongly influences
Saudi Arabia's folk music, with
regional variations such as the blend
of local and Islamic cultural
influences in Madinah and Makkah.
•Al-sihba folk music in the Hijaz
combines songs and poetry from Arab
Andalusia.
•The national dance of Saudi Arabia is
the ardha, originating from Najd, the
historical center of the country.
24
Syria
•Syria is known for producing fabric,
including the silk brocade known as
damask, named after Damascus, along
with prayer rugs and carpets woven on
hand-built looms.
•Traditional Syrian clothing like the abaya
and thob are often intricately embroidered.
•Due to Islamic prohibitions against
portraying humans and animals artistically,
Syrian art primarily features calligraphy,
arabesques, and geometric designs,
commonly found in mosques and palaces.
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Syria
•Syria's art and culture are threatened
by the ongoing civil war, which has not
only destroyed important artistic
traditions but also claimed the lives of
civilians, including artists and
craftsmen.
•Before the war, handicraft production
thrived in Syria, with popular items
including silver jewelry, copper, brass
bowls, and plates, often crafted by
skilled artisans, particularly Jews,
whose numbers have diminished over
time. 26
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