In intercoolers, boilers, heaters and condensers inside ◦
power plants as well as other engineering processes, heat exchangers are utilized for controlling heat energy. Heat exchangers are devices that regulate .efficient heat transfer from one fluid to another ?What is the heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a device that facilitates the process of
heat exchange between two fluids that are at different temperatures. Heat exchangers are used in many engineering applications, such as refrigeration, heating and air- conditioning systems, power plants, chemical processing .systems and food processing systems Classification of heat exchangers by flow configuration: :There are four basic flow configurations :Counter current flow -1 Illustrates an idealized counterflow exchanger in which the two fluids flow parallel to each other but in opposite directions. This type of flow arrangement allows the largest change in temperature of both fluids and is therefore most efficient (where efficiency is the amount of actual heat transferred compared with the theoretical maximum .amount of heat that can be transferred) :Co-current flow - 2 Cocurrent flow heat exchangers, the streams flow parallel to each other and in the same direction as shown in below, This is less efficient than countercurrent flow but does .provide more uniform wall temperatures :Crossflow -3
Crossflow heat exchangers are intermediate in efficiency between
countercurrent flow and parallel flow exchangers. In these units, the .streams flow at right angles to each other :Hybrids such as Cross Counterflow and Multi Pass Flow -4 In industrial heat exchangers, hybrids of the above flow types are often found. Examples of these are combined crossflow/counterflow .heat exchangers and multi pass flow heat exchangers Classification of Heat Exchangers by design Configuration: :The most common types of heat exchangers
:Double-pipe heat exchanger -1
When one fluid flows through the smaller pipe, the other flows through the annular gap between the two pipes. These flows may be parallel or counter-flows in a .double pipe heat exchanger :Shell-and-tube heat exchanger .2 Consists of a number of tubes mounted inside a cylindrical shell. Two fluids can exchange heat, one fluid flows over the outside of the tubes while the second fluid flows through the tubes. The fluids .can be single or two phase and can flow in a parallel or a cross/counter flow arrangement :Plate Heat Exchanger .3 Consist of fins or spacers sandwiched between parallel plates. The fins can be arranged so as to allow any combination of crossflow or parallel flow between adjacent plates. It is also possible to pass up to 12 fluid streams through a single exchanger by careful arrangement of headers. They are normally made of aluminum or stainless steel and brazed together. Their main use is in gas liquefaction due to their ability to operate .with close temperature approaches Condensers and Boilers Heat .4 :exchangers Condensers and Boilers Heat exchangers using a two-phase heat transfer system are condensers, boilers and evaporators. Condensers are instruments that take and cool hot gas or vapor to the point of condensation and transform the gas into a liquid form. The point at which liquid transforms to gas is called vaporization and vice versa is called condensation. Surface condenser is the most common type of condenser where it includes a water supply device THANKS FOR LISTENING