Process of

Design Development
 Program
Relationships
Solutions
Case study Notions
Bubble Design Strategy
Diagrams

Zoning Development zoning Concept

Design design layer

Initial zoning design

Result of site analysis
Conceptual
Diagram
 CONTEXT NEED
site program

FORM and
SPACE
Solution
Exterior form
Zoning Design
Interior space
 CONTEXT
• Shape and Dimensions
• Roads and Access
• Surroundings and View
• Topography and Soil SITE

• Temperature
• Sun
• Wind CLIMATE
• Humidity CONTEXT NEED
• Sand site program

• Height
• Forms
• Colours BUILDING
• Structure FORM and
• Technical
SPACE
Exterior form
Interior space
 • Areas NEED
• Spaces
• Relationships
• Equipment
FUNCTIONS

USER
• Gender
CONTEXT NEED • Number
site program • Activities
• Socio-Cultural

CLIENT

FORM and • Vision

• Organization
SPACE • Budget
Exterior form • Schedule
Interior space
 FORM and
SPACE

CONTEXT NEED
site program

FORM and
SPACE
•Rhythem Exterior form • Shapes
•Unity Interior space • Volumes
•Proportion • Size
•Asymmetry • Scale
•Symmetry PRINCIPLES ELEMENTS • Color
•Balance • Texture
•Variety • Material
 CONTEXT NEED
site program

FORM and
SPACE
Exterior form
Interior space
Solutions CONCEPT
Concept Generating
A simple definition of a concept suggests that concepts are ideas that
Integrate various elements into a whole, These elements can be ideas,
notions, thoughts, and observations.
A concept, on the other hand, implies appropriateness; it supports the
main intentions and goals of a project and respects each project’s unique
characteristics and restrictions.

Vision
5 Types of concepts
Values
• Analogies
Concepts • Metaphors
• Essences
Ideas • Programmatic concepts
• Ideals
Solutions
What are the significant
Problems conditions affecting the
design of the building?
What are the general
directions the design
should take?
FIVE TYPES OF CONCEPTS

•ANALOGIES(looking at other things)

•METAPHORS(looking at abstractions)

•ESSENCES(Looking beyond the programmatic needs)

•PROGRAMMATIC CONCEPTS(looking at the stated requirements)

•IDEALS (looking at universal value)
Analogy Example Face House

Face House in Kyoto, Japan by Kazumasa Yamashita.

The face was emphasized so that we couldn't see anything‘

.else ‘’(Jencks, 1993,p.183)

A joke applied to the very unjokey box-like form of the whole

Yamashita’s ‘I tried to find a solution by employing a simple

and economic box structure [reinforced concrete], adding
small but effective and functional accessories to the facade’

Face House - the client is a graphic designer

Metaphor Example Notre Dame

The process of transformation of intangible or abstract aspects into physical

or visual image is known as the process of “Metaphoric Process”. The most
successful metaphoric process is probably Notre Dame du Haute - Ron
champ Chapel, built by Le Corbusier in France in 1955. The architectural
form of the chapel begins the idea of a ship, but the viewers could interpret it
in many different ways such as a crab, a hat or a bird.

Supplicating hands A sailing ship

Notre Dame du Haute -

Ron champ Chapel, by Le
Corbusier, France, 1955

Bird Hat
Metaphor Example The Sydney Opera House

Pencil sketch by Julie Painting by Brett

Duell, 2007 Sailing ship
The Sydney Opera House, by
Jorn Utzon, 1957
 Metaphor Example Bahia temple at New Delhi

Another impressive piece of architecture is the Bahia temple at New Delhi,

built by Fariborz Sahbathe in 1986. The structure of the building is made of
reinforced concrete shells, which metaphorically could be perceived as the
petals of a flower.

Baha’i Lotus Temple, built by Fariborz Sahba in New Delhi, India, 1986

Lotus Flower
Metaphor or Analogy

Relationship between analogy and metaphor

•ESSENCES(Looking beyond the programmatic needs)
Ideals

In contrast to the previous categories of concepts, which

suggest that the architect look inside the problem or at a
similar problem to discover appropriate concepts, ideal
concepts are those that architects bring to the problem.

If architects bring the right concept to the project, they are

praised for their genius. If their choice is inappropriate, it
becomes a preconception and their basic competence is
questioned. Ideal concepts represent the highest aspirations
and goals of the architect.
 Soap Bubbles

Otto Taking inspiration from nature and the Form finding processes found there.

Frei Otto Experimenting with Soap Bubbles:

otto’s ways to use the least amount of materials and energy to enclose spaces.

Frei Otto’s Experiment Models - Soap Film - 2011

Olympic Park of Munich
 Programatic concepts

Develop abstract ideas that are functional solutions to problems.

A programmatic concept is a performance requirement related to

methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need.

Programmatic concepts answer questions that LEAD to design.

It’s important to search for and find the whole problem.

To accomplish this, the problem must be identified in terms of
Function, Form, Economy, and Time.

Aysheh ALShdaifat
• What is Flow chart? Activity-1
• How it is represented?
Activity-2

Activity-3
• Functional Flow chart
• Flow chart
– Establish the logical linkages
– Draw all possible connections
– Circle as function, arrow as linkage and direction
represents major flow direction
– Eliminate all the cross that developed
– Check the proximity of functions
• Bubble diagram
• Schematic Plan
• Schematic Plan
• Schematic Plan
• Schematic Plan