FACTORS

AFFECTING
CLIMATE
Presented by: John Luis D. Lictawa
What are the factors that affecting climate?
-The factors that affecting the climate are altitude,
latitude, distance from the ocean, distance from the
equator, ocean current, prevailing winds, and
topogrophy.
■ Climate- refers to the
long term pattern of the
weather. 09
■ Altitude- refers to the height of an object or
location above a specific reference point, usually
measured in relation to sea level. It is commonly
used in the context of elevation or distance above
the Earth's surface. Altitude is expressed in units
such as meters or feet.
■ Latitude- is the measure of how far north or south
a location is from the equator, which is designated
as 0 degrees latitude. It is expressed in degrees,
with values ranging from 0 degrees at the equator
to 90 degrees at the North Pole and -90 degrees at
the South Pole. Latitude influences a region's
climate and the angle of sunlight it receives.
■ Distance from the equator- The distance from the
equator to a specific location is measured in terms of
latitude. Latitude values are given in degrees and
indicate how far north or south a point is from the
equator. Each degree of latitude is roughly
equivalent to 111 kilometers (69 miles). So, if you
have the latitude coordinates of a location, you can
estimate its distance from the equator based on the
number of degrees.
■ Distance from the ocean- The distance from the ocean to
a specific location is measured horizontally and is
typically referred to as the coastal or shoreline distance. It
can vary significantly depending on the specific location
and the shape of the coastline. Coastal distance is
influenced by geographical features, such as bays,
peninsulas, and inlets, which can affect the overall length
of the coastline adjacent to a particular point.
■ Ocean current- Ocean currents are continuous, directed
movements of seawater. They play a crucial role in
redistributing heat around the Earth, influencing climate and
weather patterns. These currents can be driven by factors like
temperature differences, winds, and the Earth's rotation.
Major ocean currents include the Gulf Stream, the North
Atlantic Drift, and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. They
impact marine ecosystems, influence navigation routes, and
have implications for global climate systems.
■ Prevailing winds- Prevailing winds are dominant,
consistent wind patterns that blow predominantly from one
direction over a particular region. They are a result of the
Earth's atmospheric circulation patterns driven by the uneven
heating of the Earth's surface by the sun. In the Northern
Hemisphere, the prevailing winds generally move from high-
pressure areas to low-pressure areas in a clockwise direction,
while in the Southern Hemisphere, they tend to move in a
counterclockwise direction. Examples include the trade
winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies.
■ Topography- is the study and description of the
physical features of an area, for example, its hills,
valleys, or rivers, or the representation of these
features on maps. 2. countable noun [usu sing, with
poss] The topography of a particular area is its
physical shape, including its hills, valleys, and rivers.