AIR ASLT OPS - FMN FLG

PREVIEW
• Intro.
• Aim.
• Pre-flt prep/bfg/study.
• Limitations and precautions.
• Procedure/activity cycle.
• Aerodynamic considerations.
• Emergency handling.
• Pts of eng handling.
 PREVIEW
• Pts of airmanship & CRM.
• Pts of heptr handling.
• Mgt of avionics.
• Common faults.
• Physiological aspects.
• Base specific pts.
 AIM
• To lay down guidelines for the conduct of fmn
flg in ALH.
 PRE-FLT PREP/BFG/STUDY
• Pre Flt
– Cues shown on grnd (135°,180° & 225°) & rotor dia.
– PAD (concept & correction)
– Ph brief.
– Msn brief – Tac & Flg.
• Types of Fmn
– Ech to Rt/Lt – Close & Loose.
– Line Astern – Close & Loose.
– Abeam.
 PRE-FLT PREP/BFG/STUDY
• Mov Tech
– Free cruise.
– Comb cruise.
– Comb spread.
– Line fmn.
• Tac Fmns
– Staggered.
– Wedge.
– Comb trail.
– Ech.
FREE CRUISE FMN
COMB CRUISE FMN
COMB SPREAD FMN
LINE FMN
STAGGERED FMN
WEDGE FMN
COMB TRAIL FMN
ECH FMN
 LIMITATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS

• Heptr
– Displacement two rotor & above – extreme caution.
– Wake
• Aircrew
– Uncomfortable & apprehensive.
– Supervisory interference & personal discp to
overcome.
– Gd against being over confident.
 PROCEDURE/ACTIVITY CYCLE

• Flg Pgme
– Pgme to be formulated preferably two days prior.
– Crew nominated for lead should be cleared as capt for
fmn flg.
• Grnd prep
• Bfg
– Sequence of taxi & take off.
– Catch up drills & procedures.
– Fmn & exs to be prac.
– Parameters.
– Comn drills.
– Time plan.
 PROCEDURE/ACTIVITY CYCLE

• Walk to heptrs in accordance with TOT.

• RT check as per decided format.
• Start up & taxi as per decided format.
• Take Off
– Staggered
• 10 s gap.
• Announce on RT “No __ airborne”.
• 100m/120kmph before altering hdg.
• Leader – 150kmph with A/S hold engaged.
 PROCEDURE/ACTIVITY CYCLE

• Take Off
– Simultaneous
• When adequate space available.
• On leader’s call, all initiate taking cue from
lead ac.
 PROCEDURE/ACTIVITY CYCLE

• Posn Maint in Fmn

– Plane.
– Angle.
– Displacement.
• Trg Pracs
– Broad Front.
– Ech.
– Line Astern.
– Stn changing.
– Change of lead.
– Peel Off.
 PLANE
 HORIZONTAL PLANE WITH THE LDR
 LINE OF LDR AC’S END PLATE TOP EDGE AND TOP OF
TAIL BOOM (LT/RT ECH)
 ROTOR DISC OF LEAD AC JUST VIS (LINE ASTERN)
 PLANE

ANTI - COLL LT ON VERT TAIL FIN JUST SUPERIMPOSED ON THE

MRH ( LINE ASTERN )
 ANGLE
 ANGLE
 GEOMETRIC ANGLE WITH THE LEAD AC
 THE MARKING OF ‘ARMY’ JUST VIS AHEAD OF THE END PLATE
 ROUGH ALIGNMENT OF THE VERTICAL FIN AND THE END PLATE

 PORT ECH
 ANGLE

STARBOARD/RT ECH
 ANGLE

• Posn Maint in Fmn

– Angle.

 PORT ECH
 CHANGE OF STN, PEEL OFF & LDG

• CHANGE OF STATION
– TWO AC
– THREE AC
– CHANGE OF LEAD
• PEEL OFF
– TWO AC
– THREE AC
• LANDING
– FMN LANDING
– INDL LANDING
 AERODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS

• Aerodynamic considerations.
• Effect of gusts.
 EMERGENCY HANDLING

• RT Failure
– Imdt actions. Pull abreast leader & indicate.
Co-pilot to bang fis fist on his helmet thrice.
Pt to mic for txn failure and ear for rxn failure.
– Subsequent actions. Fall back to
the posn & follow vis sigs from the leader. If
more than two ac fmn, leader may reorg the
fmn keeping the concerned ac in sight and
call off the trg activity.
 EMERGENCY HANDLING

• HEFLT Code
– Hyd.
– Eng.
– Fuel.
– Elect.
– Txn.
 EMERGENCY HANDLING

• Inadvertent IMC
– Imdt actions. Affected member to announce
the emergency on RT. Leader to maint dir
while other ac to peel off outward by 20 deg.
Climb & descent respectively by 500 feet
from existing ht.
– Subsequent actions. As per check
list.
• For react emergency, concerned ac to break
fmn in a safe dirn, call up on RT & take actions
as per the sit.
 PTS OF HEPTR HANDLING

• Correction to plane by collective.

• Correction to angle by longitudinal cyclic mov.
• Correction to displacement by combination of
longitudinal & lateral mov of cyclic &
perspective.
• Avoid pumping of collective.
• Leader to fly with upper modes engaged.
 MGT OF AVIONICS
• Ensure ELT armed.
• Wx rdr to stby by each member after T/O and
ON by leader.
• DH to be set after T/O.
• Use of IFF as per briefing.
• Use of coy freq during trg sorties.
 PTS OF AIRMANSHIP & CRM
• Avoid flg in the sun & clouds.
• Lookout for birds by ldr.
• Ldr to keep lookout for other Nos all the time.
• Don’t be stiff on controls.
• Use autopilot wherever feasible.
• Judicious use of co-pilot.
• Sect maint – ldr’s resp.
 PTS OF AIRMANSHIP & CRM
• Fmn ldr – Plan, prep, ATC clearance, bfg,
navig, etc.
• Even Nos to the rt of ldr.
• No RT calls except in trg sorties by others.
• Parameters to be maint wrt the ldr.
• One crew member to maint vis contact with the
ldr.
• No member to change/break fmn w/o instrs
from the leader.
• Co-pilot to be emp judiciously.
 FLT SAFETY ASPECTS
• Trg flg not below 150m except during run
in/peel off.
• Min two rotor dia.
• No of heptrs in a fmn not to exceed five.
• Competence of weakest pilot to be considered
during plg & exec.
• Not to be undertaken if wx below the minima of
trainee.
• Fmn flg to be undertaken only after due
clearance by QFI/Supvr.
 COMMON FAULTS
• Fixation.
• Stiff on cont.
• Pulling out of fmn.
• Tucking in too close.
• Trying too hard to maint plane resulting
into pumping of collective.
 PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
• Avoid getting stiff on cont.
• Avoid getting fixated at one pt/inst/
parameter.
• Adequate rest and pre flt meals.
• Not more than one sortie is recommended
to be planned for ab-initio aviators.
AIR ASLT OPS - FMN FLG

CONCLUSION