Group members

1. SELLO
2. PITSO
3. MATUKA
4. MOTSARAPANE
5. LEKATSA
6. LOKE
7. LEMENA
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation learners should be able to ;

• Show teaching points to patients regarding food safety

• Recognize complications of Nasogastric feeding
• Describe measures to avoid complications of eternal feeding
Teaching points to patients regarding food
safety
• Wash hands thoroughly before and after handling food
• Cook food to the proper temperature
• Refrigerate or freeze perishable food promptly
• Wash cutting boards , utensils and countertops before use
• Separate raw food and cooked food
• Fruits and vegetables should be thoroughly washed before eating
Complications of nasogastric feeding
1. VOMITING AND ASPIRATION; vomiting can occur for variety of reasons
like irritation of the stomach lining, a sudden change in feeding rate or a
blockage in the feeding tube. Aspiration can occur if the contents of the
stomach, including the food being fed, back up into the esophagus and
are then inhaled into the lungs.
2. DIARRHOEA; the nutrients from nasogastric feeding are more likely to
reach the large intestine without being fully digested, leading to diarrhea.
Also certain medications that are given through the NG tube such as
antibiotics. Type of food also that given to the patient E.g. Milk
3. DEATH; misplacement of the feeding tube, which can cause the food or
liquid to go into the lungs instead of the stomach. Aspiration is when food
or liquid is inhaled into the lungs leading to pneumonia or other
complications
 CONT…..
4. POOR MOUTH HYGIENE; the person is not able to eat or drink normally which can
lead to a buildup of plaque and bacteria in the mouth. This can cause gum disease,
bad breath and other oral health problems.

5. BURNING; when a person receives NG feeding, the tube can sometimes become
clogged or blocked, which can cause the formula to back up and burn the inside of the
nose , throat or oesophagus. This can be very painful and can cause inflammation
and even scarring.

6. INFECTION; This is because the NG tube creates a direct pathway for bacteria to enter
the body and can increase the risk of infection. The most common type of infection
that can occur with NG feeding is aspiration pneumonia. When a large amount of air
enters the stomach it leads to a condition called aerophagia. The excess air can cause
bloating and abdominal pain. In severe cases it can lead to distension of the stomach
which van cause the stomach to twist and can cut the blood supply to the stomach.
Measures to avoid complications of
enteral feeding
• Following the prescribed feeding schedule and monitoring signs of
feeding intolerance, such as vomiting
• Monitoring proper nutrition, hydration and oral hygiene
• Avoiding medications that irritate the gastrointestinal tract
• Ensuring that the feeding tube is properly placed and cared for
• The patient should also be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal
bleeding which can indicate a complication with feeding tube