ECZEMA

ECZEMA
• It is a condition that causes dry, itchy and inflamed skin
• It tends to flare sometimes
Causes of eczema
• Extended exposure to dry air, extreme cold and heat
• Some types of soaps, shampoos that cause dander, bubbles bath
products, body washes, body wash and facial cleansers
• Formaldehyde products which is found in household disinfectants,
some vaccines , glues and adhesives
• Dust mites and living in dirty spaces
• Metals especially nickel in jewelry or utensils
Mode of transmission
• Eczema isn't contagious. It cant be spread though person to person
contact
Clinical manifestation

• Itchiness
• Dry skin
• Rashes
• Scaly patches
• Skin infections
Nursing management
• Primary prevention
Vaccination; children whore vaccinated have a lower risk of having
eczema
Milk: consumption of unpasteurized milk containing probiotic
bacteria has been associated with lower risk of developing eczema
Breastfeeding: 4 months or more decreases the chance of developing
eczema, exclusively breastfeed for the first 4 to 6 months
Cont…
Pay attention to foods that might trigger symptoms and try to avoid
them
Protect from mites, pet hair and molds
Cont…
• Secondary prevention
Moisturize your skin
Avoid sudden changes in temperature
Manage stress and take time to relax, get regular exercise which
helps to increase circulation and stress
Avoid scratchy materials such as wool
Try not to sweat or get too hot, keep cool
Don’t use harsh soaps, detergents or solvents
Cont…
• Tertiary prevention
Home remedies: moisturizers and creams e,g petroleum jelly, Epi-
Max, E-45 cream
Products with glycerin, lactic acid and urea help pull water into the
skin and they're used when the skin is still damp
Hydrocortisone creams and antihistamines
Colloidal oatmeal added to bath water
Wet raps
Cont…
Coal tar, calamine lotion
Relaxation techniques such as meditation, self hypnosis and
biofeedback
Prescribed medications such as antibiotics, topical
immunomodulatory medications