a. Write a short note on major biological treatment processes used for wastewater treatment.

b. b. Describe in short an Activated Sludge Process. Sketch a principal scheme of an ASP

Find maximum flow rate of wastewater that can be maintained in a aerated lagoon of volume 1 million gallon to
treat the wastewater (having BOD of 450 mg/l) at 25°C so that the BOD of treated stream does not exceed 90 mg/l.
The reaction coefficient k is 0.308 d-1 at 25°C, and the value of Ø is 1.06.
Find maximum flow rate of wastewater that can be maintained in a aerated lagoon of volume 1 million gallon to
treat the wastewater (having BOD of 450 mg/l) at 25°C so that the BOD of treated stream does not exceed 90 mg/l.
The reaction coefficient k is 0.308 d-1 at 25°C, and the value of Ø is 1.06.
Find maximum flow rate of wastewater that can be maintained in a aerated lagoon of volume 1 million gallon to
treat the wastewater (having BOD of 450 mg/l) at 25°C so that the BOD of treated stream does not exceed 90 mg/l.
The reaction coefficient k is 0.308 d-1 at 25°C, and the value of Ø is 1.06.
Q3

It is desired to reduce the BOD of the wastewater from 100 mg/L to 20 mg/L in a single stage trickling filter with
depth 5 m and 4 m radius. The flow rate of wastewater is 4000 m3 /d with TKN 25 mg/L. Calculate volumetric BOD
and TKN loading.
Q3

It is desired to reduce the BOD of the wastewater from 100 mg/L to 20 mg/L in a single stage trickling filter with
depth 5 m and 4 m radius. The flow rate of wastewater is 4000 m3 /d with TKN 25 mg/L. Calculate volumetric BOD
and TKN loading.
Q3

It is desired to reduce the BOD of the wastewater from 100 mg/L to 20 mg/L in a single stage trickling filter with depth 5 m
and 4 m radius. The flow rate of wastewater is 4000 m3 /d with TKN 25 mg/L. Calculate volumetric BOD and TKN loading.
Q4
A 6 ml sample of wastewater is diluted to 300 ml in a standard BOD bottle. The initial DO level in the bottle is 8.5 mg/l
and DO after 5 days at 20°C was found to be 0.5 mg/l. The BOD of the waste is reduced to 40 g/m3 when treated in an
aerated lagoon, find the aeration period. Given value of k is 0.23 d -1 at 20°C.
Q5
An Activated sludge system of volume 5000 m3 is used to treat 2 Million litre per day wastewater having BOD of 500 mg/l.
Calculate hydraulic detention time and F/M ratio assuming the equilibrium volatile suspended solid concentration 0.6
kg/m3 .
The F/M ratio is defined as the rate of BOD or COD applied per unit volume of mixed
liquor.

Total . Applied .Substrate .Rate QSo So

F /M   F/M 
Total .Microbial .Biomass VX X

Where F/M =food to biomass ratio, g BOD or bsCOD/g VSS.d

Q = influent wastewater flowrate, m3/d
So= influent BOD or bcCOD concentration, g/m3
V = aeration tank volume, m3
X = mixed liquor biomass concentration in the aeration tank, g/m3
t = hydraulic retention time of aeration tank, V/Q.d
Q6

If k 1 and k 2 for a given river are 0.15 1 / day and 0.20 1 / day, respectively, calculate the dissolved oxygen deficits for the
flow 6 days downstream if the river is initally 80 % saturated and has an ultimate BOD of 10 mg / L. The value of C S for
the river is 12 mg / L.
Q4
A 6 ml sample of wastewater is diluted to 300 ml in a standard BOD bottle. The initial DO level in the bottle is 8.5 mg/l
and DO after 5 days at 20°C was found to be 0.5 mg/l. The BOD of the waste is reduced to 40 g/m3 when treated in an
aerated lagoon, find the aeration period. Given value of k is 0.23 d -1 at 20°C.
Q5
An Activated sludge system of volume 5000 m3 is used to treat 2 Million litre per day wastewater having BOD of 500 mg/l.
Calculate hydraulic detention time and F/M ratio assuming the equilibrium volatile suspended solid concentration 0.6
kg/m3 .
The F/M ratio is defined as the rate of BOD or COD applied per unit volume of mixed
liquor.

Total . Applied .Substrate .Rate QSo So

F /M   F/M 
Total .Microbial .Biomass VX X

Where F/M =food to biomass ratio, g BOD or bsCOD/g VSS.d

Q = influent wastewater flowrate, m3/d
So= influent BOD or bcCOD concentration, g/m3
V = aeration tank volume, m3
X = mixed liquor biomass concentration in the aeration tank, g/m3
t = hydraulic retention time of aeration tank, V/Q.d
Q4
A 6 ml sample of wastewater is diluted to 300 ml in a standard BOD bottle. The initial DO level in the bottle is 8.5 mg/l
and DO after 5 days at 20°C was found to be 0.5 mg/l. The BOD of the waste is reduced to 40 g/m3 when treated in an
aerated lagoon, find the aeration period. Given value of k is 0.23 d -1 at 20°C.
Q5
An Activated sludge system of volume 5000 m3 is used to treat 2 Million litre per day wastewater having BOD of 500 mg/l.
Calculate hydraulic detention time and F/M ratio assuming the equilibrium volatile suspended solid concentration 0.6
kg/m3 .
The F/M ratio is defined as the rate of BOD or COD applied per unit volume of mixed
liquor.

Total . Applied .Substrate .Rate QSo So

F /M   F/M 
Total .Microbial .Biomass VX X

Where F/M =food to biomass ratio, g BOD or bsCOD/g VSS.d

Q = influent wastewater flowrate, m3/d
So= influent BOD or bcCOD concentration, g/m3
V = aeration tank volume, m3
X = mixed liquor biomass concentration in the aeration tank, g/m3
t = hydraulic retention time of aeration tank, V/Q.d
Q6

If k 1 and k 2 for a given river are 0.15 1 / day and 0.20 1 / day, respectively, calculate the dissolved oxygen deficits for the
flow 6 days downstream if the river is initally 80 % saturated and has an ultimate BOD of 10 mg / L. The value of C S for
the river is 12 mg / L.
Q7

A wastewater stream A with 200 m3 /h of flow rate and BOD of 300mg/l mixes with stream B having flow rate of
400m3 /h and BOD 225mg/l. A completely mixed activated sludge process is used to treat the mixture. BOD of
effluent stream is 10 mg/l. Given Y= 0.5, k=5 day-1, Kd=0.06 day-1; Ks=100 mg/l and MLVSS= 2000 mg/l.
Find the following :
(a) BOD and flow rate of mixture
(b) Mean residence time
Q6

If k 1 and k 2 for a given river are 0.15 1 / day and 0.20 1 / day, respectively, calculate the dissolved oxygen deficits for the
flow 6 days downstream if the river is initally 80 % saturated and has an ultimate BOD of 10 mg / L. The value of C S for
the river is 12 mg / L.
Q7

A wastewater stream A with 200 m3 /h of flow rate and BOD of 300mg/l mixes with stream B having flow rate of
400m3 /h and BOD 225mg/l. A completely mixed activated sludge process is used to treat the mixture. BOD of
effluent stream is 10 mg/l. Given Y= 0.5, k=5 day-1, Kd=0.06 day-1; Ks=100 mg/l and MLVSS= 2000 mg/l.
Find the following :
(a) BOD and flow rate of mixture
(b) Mean residence time
Q6

If k 1 and k 2 for a given river are 0.15 1 / day and 0.20 1 / day, respectively, calculate the dissolved oxygen deficits for the
flow 6 days downstream if the river is initally 80 % saturated and has an ultimate BOD of 10 mg / L. The value of C S for
the river is 12 mg / L.
Q7

A wastewater stream A with 200 m3 /h of flow rate and BOD of 300mg/l mixes with stream B having flow rate of
400m3 /h and BOD 225mg/l. A completely mixed activated sludge process is used to treat the mixture. BOD of
effluent stream is 10 mg/l. Given Y= 0.5, k=5 day-1, Kd=0.06 day-1; Ks=100 mg/l and MLVSS= 2000 mg/l.
Find the following :
(a) BOD and flow rate of mixture
(b) Mean residence time
Q8
A complete mix activated sludge process is to be used for biological treatment. Assume average flow
conditions 7948.5 m3/day and average BOD5 is 156mg/l. Assume the following for the activated sludge
process:
• Plant effluent BOD5 of 12 mg/L
• Biomass yield (Y) of 0.54 kg biomass / kg BOD
• Endogenous decay rate (kd) = 0.05 day-1
• Solids Retention Time (θC) = 8 days
• MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank (X) of 2700 mg/L
• Waste and recycle solids concentration (XR) of 12,000 mg/L

i)Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters.

ii)Determine the design hydraulic detention time, in hours
iii)Determine the food to microorganism ratio.
Q8
A complete mix activated sludge process is to be used for biological treatment. Assume average flow
conditions 7948.5 m3/day and average BOD5 is 156mg/l. Assume the following for the activated sludge
process:
• Plant effluent BOD5 of 12 mg/L
• Biomass yield (Y) of 0.54 kg biomass / kg BOD
• Endogenous decay rate (kd) = 0.05 day-1
• Solids Retention Time (θC) = 8 days
• MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank (X) of 2700 mg/L
• Waste and recycle solids concentration (XR) of 12,000 mg/L

i)Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters.

ii)Determine the design hydraulic detention time, in hours
iii)Determine the food to microorganism ratio.
Q8
A complete mix activated sludge process is to be used for biological treatment. Assume average flow
conditions 7948.5 m3/day and average BOD5 is 156mg/l. Assume the following for the activated sludge
process:
• Plant effluent BOD5 of 12 mg/L
• Biomass yield (Y) of 0.54 kg biomass / kg BOD
• Endogenous decay rate (kd) = 0.05 day-1
• Solids Retention Time (θC) = 8 days
• MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank (X) of 2700 mg/L
• Waste and recycle solids concentration (XR) of 12,000 mg/L

i)Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters.

ii)Determine the design hydraulic detention time, in hours
iii)Determine the food to microorganism ratio.