Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mr. Dhananjay
Assistant lecturer
Mechanical department, NITK
What is Manufacturing?
The process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that
meet a customer's expectations or specifications. (or)
Transformation of materials and information into goods for the satisfaction of human
needs.
•Manufacturing
•Technologically
•Economically
2
CLASSIFICATION
• Subtractive (Material Removal)
– Ex : Milling, turning, grinding
• Formative (Sculpture)
– Ex : Forging, Casting
3
Manufacturing Processes
1. Welding
2. Casting
3. Forging Fundamentals of Manufacturing
Processes
4. Rolling
(ZERO wastage of
5. Metal Forming parent material)
6. Extrusion
5
Big lathe with big chips
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Basic requirements for metal cutting
1. Continuous Chips
Chips
o l
To
Work piece
Cutting tip of the tool
(Single point cutting tool)
Types of Chips in metal cutting
1. Continuous Chips
2. Discontinuous Chips
Tool
Work piece
Types of Chips in metal cutting
1. Continuous Chips
2. Discontinuous Chips
1. Continuous Chips
2. Discontinuous Chips
Tool
Work piece
Types of Chips in metal cutting
1. Continuous Chips
2. Discontinuous Chips
1. Continuous Chips
2. Discontinuous Chips
Tool
Work piece
Types of Chips in metal cutting
Turning-Chip Formation
Chips
20
Chip-formation Process
• Lathes
• Steam Engine
–Accurate cylinders & pistons
• Steel
–Tough for cutting tools
–Ductile for boilers & rails
Modern Engine Lathe
• Electric Motor
• Geared Head
– Variable Spindle Speeds
(Rotation)
– Variable & Accurate
Feeds (Tool Movement)
• Tolerances of
0.001 inch
• Multiple Screws
Lathe Parts
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Major parts of a centre lathe
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working principle of a centre lathe
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Work holding device-Chuck
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Mounting of tools in lathe
• Carbide, ceramic and
cermet inserts of
various size and shape
are mechanically
clamped in the seat of
rectangular sectioned
steel bars which are
mounted in the tool
post
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Operations in lathe
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Operations in lathe
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Operations in lathe
• Rough and finish turning - The operation of producing cylindrical surface.
• Facing - Machining the end of the work piece to produce flat surface.
• Centering - The operation of producing conical holes on both ends of the work piece.
• Chamfering - The operation of beveling or turning a slope at the end of the work
piece.
• Shouldering - The operation of turning the shoulders of the stepped diameter work
piece.
• Grooving - The operation of reducing the diameter of the work piece over a narrow
surface.
• Taper turning
• Boring (internal turning); straight and taper – The operation of enlarging the diameter
of a hole.
• Forming-external and internal.
• Cutting helical threads; external and internal.
• Parting off - The operation of cutting the work piece into two halves.
• Knurling - The operation of producing a diamond shaped pattern or impression on the
surface.
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TAPER TURING METHODS
• Offsetting the tailstock.
• Swivelling the compound slide.
• Using taper turning attachment
• Using form tool with taper over short length.
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TAPER TURING METHODS
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