Chapter 1 – translation

1.4. PRACTICE AND HOMEWORK

Exercise 1: Translate into Vietnamese
1. This agreement shall come into force after execution by both parties on the date of the last necessary approval by
the competent authorities in the country of the seller and the buyer.
If the contract has not come into force within ninety days of execution, it shall null and void.
2. If either party is prevented from, or delayed in, performing any duty under this contract by an event beyond his
reasonable control, then this event shall be deemed force majeure, and this party shall not be considered in default
and no remedy, be it under this contract or otherwise, shall be available to the other party. Force majeure events
include, but are not limited to: war (whether war declared or not), riots, insurrection, acts of sabotage, or similar
occurrences; strikes, or other labor unrest; newly introduced laws or Government regulations; delay due Government
action or inaction; fire, explosion, or other unavoidable accident; fire, flood, storm, earthquake, or other abnormal
natural event.
3. For each week of late delivery the seller shall pay the buyer 0.1 % of the contract price.
If delivery is not effected within one month of the agreed delivery date, then the seller shall pay the buyer 0.1 % of
the contract.
4. If the Seller fails to supply any of the Goods within the time period specified in the Contract, the Buyer shall
notify the seller that a breach of the contract has occurred and shall deduct from the Contract Price per week of delay,
as liquidated damages, a sum equivalent to one half percent of the delivered price of the delayed Goods until actual
delivery up to a maximum deduction of 10% of the delivered price of the delayed Goods.
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1.4. PRACTICE AND HOMEWORK (cont.)
5. If the vessel named by the Buyer fails to arrive on or before the agreed delivery date, then the
seller may at his discretion deliver the Goods to a bonded warehouse in the port of Mombasa, and
shall be deemed to have fulfilled his delivery obligations under this Contract.
6. Goods are to be packed in new, strong, wooden cases suitable for long-distance ocean transport
and are to be well protected against dampness, shock, rust or rough handling. The Seller shall be
liable for any damage to or loss of the Goods attributable to improper or defective packaging
On the surface of each package delivered under this Contract shall be marked: the package number,
the measurements of the package, gross weight, net weight, the lifting position, the letter of credit
number, the words RIGHT SIDE UP, HANDLE WITH CARE, KEEP DRY, and the mark:
DNP/36/Q.
7. Incoterms 2000 as used in this contract means the publication Incoterms 2000, being the
international rules for the interpretation of their terms published by the International Chamber of
Commerce. When a term from ‘Incoterms 2000’ is used in this Contract, the rules and definitions
applicable to that term in Incoterms 2000 shall be deemed to have been incorporated in the Contract
except insofar as they may conflict with any other provision of the Contract, in which case the
Contract provisions shall prevail. 3
1.4. PRACTICE AND HOMEWORK (cont.)
8. In case the Cargo is ready for shipment as scheduled in this contract, but the Buyer fails to nominate
the vessel to load, then all risks, damage, and associated expenses for cargo shall be borne by the
Buyer based on the Seller’s actual claim. In the event no cargo is available to be loaded on nominated
vessel at the loading port, then dead freight shall be borne by the Seller based on the Buyer’s actual
claim and the Buyer will submit the following documents to Vietcombank for receiving Performance
Bond: i) NOR with the Seller’s signature; ii) report signed by the Captain and the Seller confirming
that the vessel has already arrived at the port to receive cargo but the Seller has no cargo to load.
9. “Force majeure” means war, emergency, accident, fire, earthquake, flood, storm, industrial strike or
other impediment which the affected party proves was beyond its control and that it could not
reasonably have expected to have taken the impediment into account at the time of conclusion of this
contract or to have avoided or overcome it and its consequences.
10. The Sellers shall not be held responsible for any delay in delivery or non-delivery of the goods due to
Force. Major. However, the Sellers shall advise the Buyers immediately of such occurrence and within
fourteen days thereafter, shall send by airmail to the Buyers for their acceptance a certificate issued by
competent government authorities of the place where the accident occurs as evidence thereof.

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1.4. PRACTICE AND HOMEWORK (cont.)
Exercise 2: Translate into English
1. Người bán có nghĩa vụ giao những hàng hóa được ghi trong hợp đồng này vào trước hoặc
trong khoảng thời gian nêu trong hợp đồng này tùy thuộc vào sự sãn sàng của tàu và khoang
tàu.
2. Việc giao hàng được thực hiện theo CIF cảng Kobe (Nhật Bản), Incoterms 2010. Ngày giao
hàng dự định là ngày 15 tháng 10 năm 20__. Rủi ro và quyền sở hữu đối với hàng hóa sẽ
chuyển từ người bán sang người mua ngay khi giao hàng.
3. Trong trường hợp giao chậm không phải do bất khả kháng được định nghĩa trong hợp đồng
này, người bán sẽ trả một khoản tiền coi như là bồi thường tổn thất chứ không phải là phạt
tổng số là 0.1% giá trị hàng giao chậm trên 1 ngày chậm và lớn nhất là 10% giá phải trả theo
điều 10 dưới đây.
4. Việc thanh toán tiền bồi thường tổn thất phải giải quyết một cách thỏa đáng bất cứ khiếu nại
nào của bên Mua đối với bên Bán nảy sinh từ hoặc có liên quan đến việc giao hàng chậm đối
với bất kỳ phần hàng nào.
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1.4. PRACTICE AND HOMEWORK (cont.)
5. Nếu bất kỳ tình huống nào nảy sinh mà cản trở việc thực hiện một
phần hoặc toàn bộ nghĩa vụ của các bên theo Hợp đồng này như,
cháy, tình trạng đóng băng, thiên tai, chiến tranh, hoạt động quân sự,
cấm nhập khẩu hay bất kỳ một tình trạng nào đó nằm ngoài sự kiểm
soát hợp lý của các bên, thì thời gian quy định cho việc thực hiện
nghĩa vụ đó sẽ được gia hạn một khoảng thời gian bằng với khoảng
thời gian mà tình trạng đó kéo dài.