Module-3: Analytical Techniques

Potentiometry; Its application in the estimation of iron

Instrumentation: A potentiometer consists of

1. Indicator electrode (e.g.: Platinum Electrode: Pt / Fe 2+, Fe3+ )

2. Reference electrode (E.g.: Saturated Calomel electrode)

3. Stirrer

4. Potentiometer to measure the potential values.

Applications:
1. Estimation of the concentration of the ionic species present in the given solution.
2. Coloured solution can also be titrated
3. Acid-base titration can also be done in this method.
4. In this method Oxidation-reduction titrations can also be carried out.
5. Precipitation reactions can be carried out potentiometrically.

For example:
Procedure: Pipette out 25 cm3 of FAS solution into a 50 cm3 beaker. Add one test
tube full of dil H2SO4. Immerse Platinum & calomel electrodes into the solution, &

connect the electrodes to a potentiometer. Fill the burette with K 2Cr2O7 solution.

Add K2Cr2O7 solution from the burette with increment of 0.5 cm3, stir well and
measure the potential after each addition. Continue the titration till the potential
indicates a rapid jump with a drop of titrant. Plot the graph of ΔE/ ΔV v/s vol. of
K2Cr2O7. Calculate the normality and the weight of FAS in the given solution.
 Conductometry; its application in the estimation of weak acid

Theory:
Electrolyte solution conducts current by the migration of ions under the influence of an electric field.

This experiment is based on Ohm’s law which states that the current’ I ‘ flow through conductor is directly proportional to the
applied potential, E and inversely to the resistance R of conductor.

I= E/R
Specific conductance of an electrolyte solution is the conductance of the solution present between two parallel electrodes of 1cm 3
area of cross-section and 1cm apart.
Instrumentation:
1. It consists of a platinum electrode each of unit area of cross-section placed unit distance a part.
2. The electrodes are dipped in the electrolyte solution taken in a beaker.
3. It is connected to a conductivity meter.
4. The titrant (NaOH) is added from a burette and solution is stirred.
5. The conductance is measured after the addition of the titrant at intervals of 1.0 ml.
Application: Weak acid v/s Strong base (CH3COOH v/s NaOH)
Consider the titration of acetic acid against NaOH. The conductance of the acid will be initially low since acetic acid is a weak
electrolyte. When NaOH is added to the acid, the salt formed is highly ionized and the conductance increases. On complete
neutralization of the acid, further addition of base leads to an increase in the number of mobile OH- ions.

Hence the conductance increases sharply.

CH3COOH+NaOH→CH3COONa+H2O
A plot of conductance against the volume of base added is shown in the figure. The point of intersection of two curves gives the
neutralization point.
 Internal Assessment Test 1 – Oct 2023

Sub: Applied Chemistry for CSE Stream Sub Code: BCHES102 Branch: CSE & CSE(DS)

Date: __-10-2023 Duration: 90 min’s Max Marks: 50 Sem / Sec: I / I,J, K & L OBE

CO RBT
MAR
Question no. 1 is COMPULSORY and answer any THREE FULL Questions from the rest. KS

1 (a) [7] CO4 L2

(b) [7] CO3 L3

2 (a) [6] CO3 L2

(b) [6] CO3 L1
3 (a) [6] CO3 L3
(b) [6] CO3 L2
4 (a) [6] CO3 L2
(b) [6] CO3 L3
5(a) [6] CO3 L3
(b) [6] CO4 L2
6 (a) [6] CO1 L2
(b) [6] CO1 L3
7 (a) [6] CO1 L2
(b) [6] CO1 L2