ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

Infrared
Spectroscopy

Faculty’s Name – Pavan Karkare

Batch Name – B.Sc(IC)_Batch 2019-22
Session No – III

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

Learning Outcomes

 Infrared spectroscopic instrumentation.

 The working knowledge of spectroscopic
instruments.
 Additionally, it prepares graduates with knowledge
and experience in analytical chemistry for industrial
applications, laboratory analysis and research
studies.

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

Theory

 Non linear and linear molecules:

 Non linear molecules: 3n-6 Fundamental
vibrations
 Linear molecules: 3n-5 Fundamental
vibrations
 Eg. 1) CO₂ : Linear molecule. therefore ,
3n-5 = 3(3)-5 = 4. Fundamental vibrations

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

O C O O C O
Asymmetrical stretching in CO₂
Symmetrical stretching in CO₂
generate dipole moment.
does not generate dipole moment.
Therefore IR active.
Therefore IR inactive. Gives band at 2350 cm¯¹.
 Requirement for the IR active transitions:
 Vibrations that result in change in dipole
moment of molecule are absorbed in IR.
 two more bending vibrations, scissoring
bending, is doubly degenerated appear
as peak at 666 cm¯¹ ( due to equal
energy).

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

(-) (+) (-)

O C O O C O
Scissoring motions
Doubly degenerated at 666 cm¯¹
 How to calculate frequency associated
with particular vibration?
 C-H stretching appears at around ~ 2900-
3000 cm¯¹.

x Y

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

References

 G. H. Jeffery, J. Bassett, J. Mendham and R. C. Denney, Vogel’s

textbook of qualitative chemical analysis, John Wiley & Sons, 1989.
 H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt, J. Dean and F. A. Settoe, Instrumental
methods of analysis, 7th Ed. Wadsworth publishing company Ltd.,
Belmont, USA, 1988.
 G. D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 2004.
 S. M. Khopkar, Basic concepts of Analytical Chemistry, New age,
international publisher, 2009.
 P. S. Kalsi, Spectroscopy of organic compound, New Age international
publishers. 6. R. M. Silverstain, G. C. Bassler and T. C. Morrill,
Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds, John Wiley,
1991.

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2
 ITM Vocational University, Vadodara

Infrared Spectroscopy
03/18/2