SYSTEM

OF
NONLINEAR
EQUATIONS
 IDENTIFYING SYSTEMS OF
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
a. 2x – y=1 a. Both equations are linear equations. Therefore, it is a linear system
x + 3y = 5
b. It is a nonlinear system because x2 – y = 2 is a quadratic equation and only
b. x2 – y = 2
the second equation is a linear .
5x – y = 5
c. x2 – x + y2 = 4 c. It is a nonlinear system because x2 – x + y2 = 4 is a 2nd degree equation, it is
an equation of an ellipse and the 2nd equation is quadratic .
2x2 – y = 0
d. xy – 2y = 5 d. It is a nonlinear system because xy – 2y = 5 cannot be written in the form
of Ax + By = C. In fact, xy – 2y = 5 can be written as a rational equation
x–y=1
and the 2nd is linear.
Discriminant: B - 4AC2

 Discriminant can easily provide information on the

type of conic section given the general second-degree
equation:
Ax2 +Bxy+ Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0
Discriminant: B - 4AC
2

 IfB2 - 4AC<0
 then the equation is an/a
 *ELLIPSE if A C,
A and C have the same signs
 *CIRCLE if A = C, A
Discriminant: B - 4AC 2

 EXAMPLE: B2 - 4AC<0
 Ax2 +Bxy+ Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0
 9x2 + 25y2 -54x-50y-119=0
A= 9 B= 0 C=25

 Sol. B2 - 4AC
02 – 4(9)(25)
-900
*Discriminant is negative.
*A and C have the same signs
*ELLIPSE
Discriminant: B - 4AC 2

 EXAMPLE: B2 - 4AC<0
 Ax2 +Bxy+ Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0
 x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12= 0
A= 1 B= 0 C=1

 Sol. B2 - 4AC
02 – 4(1)(1)
-4
*Discriminant is negative.
*A = C, A
*CIRCLE
Discriminant: B - 4AC
2

IfB - 4AC=0
2

then the equation is a

*PARABOLA if A C, and
A =0 or C=0
Discriminant: B - 4AC 2

 EXAMPLE: B2 - 4AC=0
 Ax2 +Bxy+ Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0
4x2 -8x+6y+24=0
A= 4 B= 0 C=0

 Sol. B2 - 4AC
02 – 4(4)(0)
0
• *Discriminant is zero.
• *A =0 or C=0

*PARABOLA
Discriminant: B - 4AC
2

IfB - 4AC>0
2

then the equation is a

*HYPERBOLA if A C, and
A and C have opposite signs.
Discriminant: B - 4AC 2

 EXAMPLE: B2 - 4AC>0
Ax2 +Bxy+ Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0
 x2 -4y2 +10x-16y+5=0
 A =1 B=0 C=-4
 Sol. B2 - 4AC
02 – 4(1)(-4)
16
*Discriminant is positive.
* A and C have opposite signs
*HYPERBOLA
 METHODS FOR SOLVING A SYSTEM OF
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS

a. Graphical
b. Substitution
c. Elimination
 Three possible types of solutions for a system of nonlinear equations
involving the intersection of PARABOLA AND A LINE.
a. No solution - The line will never intersect the parabola.

b. One solution - The line is tangent to the parabola and intersects the parabola at exactly one point.

c. Two solutions - The line crosses on the inside of the parabola and intersects the parabola at two
points.
 Three possible types of solutions for a system of nonlinear equations
involving the intersection of CIRCLE AND A LINE.
a. No solution - The line will never intersect the circle.

b. One solution - The line is tangent to the circle and intersects the circle at exactly one point.

c. Two solutions - The line crosses on the inside of the circle and intersects the circle at two
points.
 SOLVING SYSTEMS OF
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS BY
GRAPHICAL METHOD
 EXAMPLE 1. Sketch the graphs of y = x2 +1 and x – y
= – 1 on the same Cartesian plane and find the solution
set of the system of nonlinear equations.
Step 1: Draw the graph of the parabola y = x 2 +1.
a. Construct the table of values for y = x 2 +1.

b. Plot the points on the Cartesian plane and connect.

Step 2: Draw the graph of line x – y = – 1.
a. Construct the table of values x – y = – 1.

b. Plot the points on the Cartesian plane and connect.

*The graphs show two points of intersections whose coordinates are (0 ,1) and (1,2).
*These points of intersections are the solutions of the system.
EXAMPLE 2. Sketch the graphs of x2 + y2 = 5 and y = 3x – 5
on the same Cartesian plane and find the solution set of the
system of nonlinear equations.
Step 1: Draw the graph of the circle x2 + y2 = 5.
Plot the center and the radius on the Cartesian plane and draw
the circle. C(0,0) and r = 2.24
Step 2: Draw the graph of line y = 3x – 5.
a. Construct the table of values y = 3x – 5.

b. Plot the points on the Cartesian plane and connect.

*The graphs show two points of intersections whose coordinates are (1,-2) and (2,1).
*These points of intersections are the solutions of the system.
Activity
 Sketchthe graphs of x2 + y2 = 36 and x2 = 16y on the
same Cartesian plane and find the solution set of the
system of nonlinear equations.
 SOLVING SYSTEM OF
NONLINEAR EQUATIONS USING
SUBSTITUTION METHOD
Steps in solving systems of nonlinear equations
using substitution method.
Step 1: Choose one equation from the system that will be used to substitute in
the other equation.
Step 2: Using the chosen equation, solve one variable in terms of the other
variable.
Step 3: Substitute the derived equation in step 2 into the other equation.
Step 4: Substitute the value of the variable derived in step 3 to one of the
equations to solve for the other variable.
Step 5: Check the answer by substituting the solutions to the given equations.
 EXAMPLE 1:
Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Solutions:

Step 1: You may choose equation 2 x – y = – 1

Step 2: Solve for x in terms of y.

x–y=–1
x = y –1 (value of x in terms y)
EXAMPLE 1: Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given: y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Solutions:(Cont.) x= y-1
Step 3: Solve the quadratic equation y = x2 +1 by substitution method.

y = x2 +1 Use equation 1
y = (y –1)2 +1 Substitute the algebraic value of eq.2 to eq. 1 and
expand .
y = (y2–2y+1) + 1 Simplify.
y = y2 – 2y + 2
0 = y2 – 2y – y + 2
0 = y2 – 3y + 2
y2 – 3y + 2 = 0 Apply Symmetric Property of Equality and factor.
(y–2) (y–1) = 0
(y–2) = 0 and (y–1) = 0 Equate each factor to 0 and solve for the value of y.
y–2 = 0 and y–1 = 0
y = 2 and y = 1
 EXAMPLE 1: Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given: y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Solutions:(Cont.)
Step 4: Substitute y = 2 and y = 1 to one of the equations and solve for the
other variable (x) using equation 2: x – y = – 1
Using equation 2 OR using equation 1
At y=2 At y=1
At y = 2 At y = 1 y = x2 +1 y = x2 +1
x–y=–1 x–y=–1 2 = x2 +1 1 = x2 +1
x–2=–1 x–1=–1 x2 +1 =2 x2 +1 =1
x2 =-1 +2 x2 = -1 +1
x = – 1+2 x = – 1+1 x2 = 1 x2 = 0
x=1 x=0
x=1 x =0
(answers are the same)
The solutions are (1,2) and (0,1), which can be verified by substituting these (x, y) values into both of the original
equations.
 EXAMPLE 1: Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given: y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Solutions:(Cont.)
Step 5: Check if points (1,2) and (0,1) are solutions of the following set of equations.
y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2

Using equation 1 Using equation 1 Using equation 2 Using equation 2

At (1,2) At (0,1) At (1,2) At (0,1)
y = x2 +1 y = x2 +1 x– y=–1 x– y=–1
2 = 12 +1 1 = 02 +1 1– 2=–1 0– 1=–1
2=2 TRUE – 1 = – 1 TRUE – 1 = – 1 TRUE
1=1 TRUE
(1,2) is a solution (0,1) is a solution
(1,2) is a solution of (0,1) is a solution of
of y = x2 +1. of y = x2 +1.
x– y=–1
x – y = – 1.
EXAMPLE 2:Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
x2 + y 2 = 5 equation 1
y = 3x – 5 equation 2

Step 1: You may choose equation 2 y = 3x – 5

Step 2: Solve for y in terms of x.

y = 3x – 5

Note: Since equation 2 is a simplified equation

already, you can substitute it directly to
to equation 1 in step 3.
EXAMPLE 2:Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
x2 + y 2 = 5 equation 1
y = 3x – 5 equation 2
Step 3: Solve the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 5 by substitution method.
x2 + y2 = 5 Use equation 1
x2 +(3x – 5)2 = 5 Substitute the eq. 2 to eq. 1.
x2 + 9x2 –30x +25 = 5 Expand and simplify.
10x2 –30x +25 –5 = 0
10x2 –30x +20 = 0
10 (x2 –3x +2) = 0 Use a common monomial factoring
x2 –3x +2 = 0 Divide both sides by 10.
(x-2)(x-1) = 0
(x–2) = 0 and (x–1) = 0 Equate each factor to 0 and solve for the values of x.
x–2 = 0 and x–1 = 0
x = 2 and x = 1
 EXAMPLE 2:Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
x2 + y 2 = 5 equation 1
y = 3x – 5 equation 2

Step 4: Substitute x = 2 and x = 1 to one of the

equations and solve for the other variable (y).
Using equation 2: y = 3x – 5
At x = 2 At x = 1
y = 3x – 5 y = 3x – 5
y = 3( 2) – 5 y = 3( 1) – 5
y = 6-5 y = 3-5
y=1 y = -2
The solutions are (2,1) and (1,-2), which can be verified by substituting these (x, y) values into both of
the original equations.
EXAMPLE 2:Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
x2 + y 2 = 5 equation 1
y = 3x – 5 equation 2

Step 5: Check if points (2,1) and (1,-2), are solutions of the

following set of equations.
x2 + y 2 = 5 equation 1
y = 3x – 5 equation 2
Using equation1 Using equation1 Using equation 2 Using equation 2
At (2,1) At (1,-2) At (2,1) At (1,-2)
x2 +y2 = 5 x2 + y 2 = 5 y = 3x – 5 y = 3x – 5
(2)2 + (1)2 = 5 (1)2 + (-2)2 = 5 1= 3(2) – 5 -2 = 3(1) – 5
1 = 6-5 -2 = 3-5
4 + 1 =5 1 + 4 =5
1 = 1 TRUE -2 = -2 TRUE
5 = 5 TRUE 5 = 5 TRUE
(2,1) is a solution (1,-2) is a solution (2,1) is a solution (1,-2) is a solution of
of x2 + y2 = 5 of x + y = 5
2 2
of y = 3x – 5 y = 3x – 5
SEATWORK 4.2
 Find the solution set using substitution method.
Given:
x2 + 2y2 -54=0 equation 1
2x-y+9=0 equation 2
SOLVING SYSTEM OF
NONLINEAR
EQUATIONS USING
ELIMINATION METHOD
Steps in solving a system of nonlinear equations
by elimination method:
Step 1: Label the equations as equation 1 and equation 2.
Step 2: Choose a variable that will be eliminated first.
Rewrite equations 1 and 2 to equivalent equations using the
multiplication property to eliminate the variable or expression.
Step 3: Solve for the value of the variable using the derived values in step 2.
Step 4: Substitute the values in step 3 to one of the equations and solve for
the value of the other variable.
Step 5: Check the answer by substituting the solutions to the given equations.
 EXAMPLE 1 : Find the solution set using elimination method.
Given:
y = x2 +1
x– y=–1
Solutions:

Step 1: Label the equations.

y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Step 2: Eliminate variable y first. Rewrite equation 2.

y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 – y=–1–x equation 2 (new eq.2)
y = x2 +1
– y=–1–x
0 = x2 +1– 1– x 0 = x2 – x (derived equation)
 EXAMPLE 1 : Find the solution set using elimination method.
Given:
y = x2 +1
x– y=–1
Solutions(Cont.)
Step 3: Solve for the value of x using the
derived equation in step 2.
0 = x2 – x
x2 – x = 0
x(x–1)=0
x=0 and
x-1=0
x=1
 EXAMPLE 1 : Find the solution set using elimination method.
Given:
y = x2 +1
x– y=–1
Solutions: (Cont.)
Step 4: Solve for the value of y using the values of x in
step 2. You may choose equation 1.

Using equation 1 Using equation 1 OR Using equation 2 Using equation 2

At x=0 At x=1 At x=0 At x=1
y = x2 +1 y = x2 +1 x– y=–1 x– y=–1
0 – y = –1 1 – y = –1
y = 02 +1 y = 12 +1 –y = –1
y=1 y=2 y=1 –y = –1–1
–y = –2
The solutions are (0,1) and (1,2), which can be verified by substituting thesey (x,
= 2 y) values into
both of the original equations.
EXAMPLE 1 : Find the solution set using elimination
method.
Given: y = x2 +1
x– y=–1
Solutions:(Cont.)
Step 5: Check if points (1,2) and (0,1) are solutions of the following
set of equations.
y = x2 +1 equation 1
x– y=–1 equation 2
Using equation 1 Using equation 1 OR Using equation 2 Using equation 2
At (1,2) At (0,1) At (1,2) At (0,1)
y = x2 +1 y = x2 +1 x– y=–1 x– y=–1
1– 2=–1 0– 1=–1
2 = 12 +1 1 = 02 +1 – 1 = – 1 TRUE – 1 = – 1 TRUE
2=2 TRUE 1=1 TRUE
(1,2) is a solution (0,1) is a solution (1,2) is a solution (0,1) is a solution of x
of y = x2 +1 of y = x2 +1 of x – y = – 1 – y=–1
EXAMPLE 2
Find the solution set of the nonlinear system

Step 1: Label the equations.

equation 1
equation 2
Step 2: Eliminate first. Rewrite equation 2.
Eq.1
Eq. 2 Multiply – 1 to each term of the equation 2

Copy eq.1
(New eq.2) Subtract the new eq.2 from eq. 1
0 Divide both sides by – 5 and simplify.

= 0 (Derived equation)
 EXAMPLE 2(Cont.)
Find the solution set of the nonlinear system

Step 3: Solve for the value of y using the derived equation in step 2.

= 0 Expand the square of binomial.

Equate each factor to 0.

y = 1 and y = 1
 EXAMPLE 2(Cont.)
Find the solution set of the nonlinear system

Step 4: Solve for the value of x using the

value of y in step 3.
You may choose equation 1.
Substitute y = 1 to equation 1 .

x2 – 3(1)2 =9 Substitute 1 to y and simplify.

x2 – 3(0)2 =9
x2 =9
Extract the square root of 9.
x =3
 EXAMPLE 2(Cont.)
Find the solution set of the nonlinear system

Step 5: Check if points (3,1) and (-3,1)

are solutions of the following set of equations.
equation 1
equation 2
Using equation 1 Using equation 1 Using equation 2 Using equation 2
At (3,1) At (-3,1) At (3,1) At (-3,1)

9 0 = 9 9 0 = 9 9 + 0 = 9 9 + 0 = 9
9 = 9 TRUE 9 = 9 TRUE 9 = 9 TRUE
9 = 9 TRUE
(3,1) is a solution of (3,1) is a solution of (-3,1) is a solution of
(-3,1) is a solution of
SEE YOU NEXT TIME!!!