School of Civil Engineering Under the guidance of

Title of the Project Name : Mr Prashanth . N

Designation: Assisstant professor

DESIGN OF AN IOT BASED INDOOR Presented by:

K Shashvitha R20ED078
AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM. Likith B mouni R20ED081
Va r u n C R20ED106
Project Phase – I Vidhya shree S R20ED109
2023-2024
Sem and section 7TH SEM B SECTION
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. OBJECTIVES
4. METHODOLOGY
5. EXPERIMENTATION
6. OUTCOMES
7. REFERENCES

2
 INTRODUCTION

 Air pollution is the biggest part of every nation, it is now considered to be the world’s largest
environmental health threat accounting for seven million deaths around the world every year.
 The rates of pollution has increased with a lot of factors such as increased in population,
burning fossil fuels, house hold items, industrial chemicals etc
 The major cause of air pollution are refrigerators and coolers which releases hydroflurocarbons
into the atmosphere.
 The presence of hazardous and harmful chemicals and gases in the air that makes the
atmospheric air unfit.

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 Air pollution causes respiratory problems, cancers, heart diseases, asthma and cardiovascular
problems in humans.
 Hence proposed system includes the design for monitoring air pollution and creating awareness
among people.
 IOT based air pollution indicating system access the air quality over a web browser with the help
of internet and will trigger an alarm when harmful gases are present in air (Eg. CO, NH3, smoke).
 It is necessary to monitor air quality and keep it under control for a better future and a healthy
living for all.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
S.No. Author and Year Journal Name Materials used/Parameters Tests/Analysis Summary of Findings
selected performed
1 Maduranga International MQ135 Gas Sensor MATLAB. To design and develop an air
Kosgahakumbura Journal of indoor air quality monitoring unit quality monitoring system
Karunarathna Electrical IOT cloud based on the Internet of Things.
2020 Engineering and WiFi router detection and improvement of
Technology indoor air quality.
(IJEET)

2 JunHo Jo International Microcontroller Smart-Air reliability Indoor air quality can be

ByungWan Journal of Laser Dust Sensor test efficiently monitored anywhere
JungHoon Kim Scientific & volatile Organic Compound Sensor. Cloud Computing- and in real time by using an IoT
SungJun Engineering Temperature-Humidity Sensor Based Web Server and a cloud computing
WoonYong Han. Research LED Strip technologies.
2020

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S. No Author name and year Journal name Materials used Tests/Analysis performed Summary of Findings
/Parameters selected

3 M. Anitha Lakshmi International Research Primary Filter Python Monitoring the pollutants and
Sutha Kumar Journal of Modernization Activated carbon Filter ThingSpeak Cloud their concentrations is a crucial
14 th may 2023 in Engineering HEPA (High-Efficiency Platform preventative measure to alert the
Technology and Science Particulate Air filter) Gas Concentration public to the air quality in the
Gas Sensors Test area.
Raspberry Pi Particle Number
Concentration
test

4 Alim yasin International Research IoT Framework: Monitoring System To measure a range of indoor
James delenay Journal of Engineering Hardware and Software Design air quality parameters, which
Toh yen pung and Technology (IRJET) Architecture with gas Data Integration System included the particulate matter
21 September 2022 sensors. and Management System (PM), volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), and carbon
dioxide (CO2).

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 Author name and year Journal name Materials used /Parameters Tests/Analysis Summary of
selected performed Findings

5 Dr.S.Sekar International ARDUINO UNO BOARD Arduino Uno rectifies the PPM
M.Nandha Research Journal of Gas Sensors Development kit that particulate matter
Naveen Kumar Engineering and ESP 01 Wi-Fi Module comes with counts . To determine
B.Prakash Raj Technology Thingspeak cloud platform ATMega328P the air quality index.
P.Prasanna Ganapathy microcontroller.
3 march 2020

6 Gangaraju Tejaswini Air pollution Node MCU ESP2866 IOT based cloud Ambient air
Dr.Balamurgan V monitoring system. DHT11 Sensor platform monitoring system
4 th April 2023 Gas Sensor MQ135 using Arduino
microcontroller, IoT
technology is designed
to improve air quality.

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S.no Author and Year Journal Name Materials Tests/Analysis Summary of Findings
used/Parameters performed
selected

7 Rafia Mumtaz electronics Gas Sensor PCB Designing The monitoring and prediction
Syed Mohammad Hassan MH-Z19 and Development of indoor environment has
Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir DHT11 Development of become more significant in
Uferah Shafi HM3301 Laser PM 2.5 Web Portal and the wake of COVID-19
4 th April 2020 Sensor Mobile App for pandemic.
Data Visualization
IoT lab
mathematical

8 Maduranga Air quality monitoring MQ135 Gas Sensor MATLAB. To design and develop an air
Kosgahakumbura system indoor air quality quality monitoring system
Karunarathna monitoring unit based on the Internet of
2020 IOT cloud Things.
WiFi router detection and improvement of
indoor air quality.

8
S.no Author and Year Journal Name Materials Tests/Analysis Summary of Findings
used/Parameters performed
selected

9 R.Shobha International Journal of Arduino Uno Board SOFTWARE To measure a range of

S.Sadiq Mafas, Electrical Engineering and Gas Sensors IMPLEMENTATIO indoor air quality
B. Karthic Raja Technology (IJEET) ESP 01 Wifi Module N programming parameters, which
M.B. Sangeeth Ajay Thingspeak cloud language. included the particulate
3 march 2021 matter (PM), volatile
organic compounds
(VOCs), and carbon
dioxide (CO2).

10 Kiran Rajapkar International Research MQ135 Gas Sensor Smart-Air reliability Industrial perimeter
Anuja Redekar Journal of Modernization indoor air quality test monitoring,Indoor air
Rushikesh Shingae Smeet in Engineering Technology monitoring unit Cloud Computing- quality monitoring,
Sarmalkar and Science IOT cloud Based Web Server Making data available to
Prof. Nilesh B Patil WiFi router users,Roadside pollution
9 September 2020 monitoring.

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 OBJECTIVES

1. To monitor and Collect data on key air quality parameters like temperature,
humidity, CO2 levels, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
2. To record the concentration levels of atmospheric pollutants in order to define air
quality levels.
3. To identify and address air quality issues, indoor air quality monitoring can
significantly improve the health and wellbeing of occupants.

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AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS
1. Gaseous Pollutants: These are gaseous pollutants that exist in the atmosphere as
individual molecules. They include:
 Particulate Matter (PM): PM is a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the air.
It is further classified by size:
 PM2.5: Fine particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, small enough to penetrate
deep into the lungs and cause respiratory problems.
 PM10: Coarse particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter, can irritate the eyes, nose,
and throat.
 Ozone (O₃): A highly reactive molecule formed by the interaction of sunlight with nitrogen
oxides and volatile organic compounds. It can irritate the lungs and cause respiratory
problems, especially for people with asthma.

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 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂): A reddish-brown gas emitted from car exhaust and industrial
processes. It can irritate the lungs and airways, and contribute to the formation of ground-
level ozone.
 Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂): A colorless gas with a pungent odor, emitted from burning fossil
fuels. It can irritate the respiratory system and contribute to acid rain.
 Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of
fuels. It binds to hemoglobin in the blood, reducing the oxygen supply to the body.

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2. Meteorological Parameters:
These parameters describe the weather conditions that can affect the dispersion and
concentration of pollutants in the air. They include:

 Temperature: Air temperature affects the rate of chemical reactions that produce certain
pollutants.
 Humidity: The amount of moisture in the air can affect the formation and persistence of
some pollutants.
 Wind Speed and Direction: Wind can help disperse pollutants or concentrate them in
certain areas.
 Precipitation: Rain and snow can wash pollutants out of the air.

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METHODOLOGY

BLOCK DIAGRAM

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 COMPONENTS

Arduino UNO
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, It has 14 digital
input/output pins 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB Connection, powerjack,
an ICSP header and a reset button.

MQ135 sensor:-
The MQ135 sensor can sense NH3, NOx, alcohol,Benzene, smoke, CO2 and some other
gases. It gives the output in form of voltage levels.

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MQ7
This is a simple-to-use Carbon Monoxide (CO) sensor, suitable for sensing CO
concentrations in the air. The MQ-7 can detect CO-gas concentrations anywhere
from 10 to 500ppm. This sensor has a high sensitivity and fast response time .

DH11
The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor. It
uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air
and spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed).

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

This is a basic (16x2) 16 character by 2 line display.Black text on Green
background. It is used to indicate the Air and Humidity in PPM.

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ESP 01 Wi-Fi Module
The ESP8266 module enables microcontrollers to connect to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, using
IEEE 802.11 bgn. It can be used with ESP-AT firmware to provide Wi-Fi
connectivity to external host MCUs, or it can be used as a self-sufficient MCU by
running an RTOS-based SDK.
Thingspeak
Thingspeak is a cloud platform for Internet of Things. It allows the users to store the
data collected from sensors in different channels. It is also used for real-time
dataprocessing, visualizations, and plugins.

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METHODOLOGY

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EXPERIMENTATION
Selection of air monitoring site

Collection of sensors

Calibration of sensors

Collecting real-time data from the

monitoring site based on IOT

Analyze IOT data in THINKSPEAK

cloud

Visualize data in MATLAB plots

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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

1. BREADBOARD
2. HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATUE SENSORS
3. GAS SENSORS
• MQ7
• MQ137
LCD Display

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PROGRAM OF THE EXPERIMENT
GRAPHS
 OUTCOMES
• Monitoring raises awareness about air quality issues and
motivates action .
• Studies have shown reductions in pollutants after implementing
ventilations improvements or reducing chemical use .
• Data can inform policies like promoting sustainable
transportation or restricting idling vehicles .
• Improved air quality can lead to decreased respiratory problems
and improved cognitive function .
 REFERENCES

1. Maduranga, kosgahakumbara, karunarathna. “ design of IOT based indoor air quality monitoring system” vol
117-122,2020
2. JunHo Jo ,ByungWan, JungHoon Kim, SungJun , WoonYong Han . “Development of an IoT-Based Indoor Air
Quality Monitoring Platform” Volume 2020.
3. M. Anitha Lakshmi Sutha Kumar “Development of an IoT-Enabled Air Pollution Monitoring and Air Purifier
System” volume 14 may 2023
4. Alim yasin, james delenay, toh yen pung.“The Design and Implementation of an IoT Sensor-Based
Indoor Air Quality Monitoring System Using Off-the-Shelf Devices” 21 September 2022
5. Dr .s.sekar,M.Nandha, Naveen kumar,B.Prakash raj,p.Prasana Ganapathy. “IOT based Air quality
Monitoring system . Volume :07 issue 03 mar 2020

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 REFERENCES

6 .Gangaraju tejaswini, Dr balamurgan V . “ IOT based air pollution monitoring system” volume 8 issue 4
April 2023
7 . Rafia Mumtaz , syed mohammad hassan, Muhammad Zeeshan, shakir uferah shafi. “IOT based air
pollution monitoring system. Volume8 issue 4 April 2020
8. Maduranga kogahakumbara, karunarathna. “ design of an IOT based indoor air quality monitoring
system” Vol 1 pp 117-122 ,2020
9. R. shobha, S. sadiq mafas, B karthic raja , M B Sangeetha ajay. “IOT based air pollution monitoring
system and poisonous gas detection system” volume 12 issue 3 march 2021
10. Kiran rajapkar, Anuja redekar, rushikesh shingae, smeet sarmalkar, prof. Nilesh b patil. “Air pollution
indicating system using IOT” volume 2 issue 09 September 2020

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Thank you