Initiatives taken by government

and UNICEF
SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN (in urban
areas)
• The Mission revolutionized the sanitation space in urban India, by
providing 100% access to sanitation facilities in urban India. The
Mission has prioritized the needs of women, transgender
communities, and persons with disabilities (Divyangs).

• The Mission provided access to sanitation facilities which have been

improved further through digital innovation such as SBM Toilets on
Google Maps. Urban India was declared open defecation free in 2019
following which the Mission has propelled urban India on the path of
sustainable sanitation.
SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN (In rural
areas)
• Under the mission, all villages, Gram Panchayats, Districts, States and
Union Territories in India declared themselves "open-defecation free"
(ODF) by 2 October 2019.
• To ensure that the open defecation free behaviors are sustained the
Mission is moving towards the next Phase II of SBMG i.e. ODF-Plus.
• ODF Plus activities under Phase II of Swachh Bharat Mission
(Grameen) will reinforce ODF behaviors and focus on providing
interventions for the safe management of solid and liquid waste in
villages.
WASH INITIATIVE BY UNICEF
• W- Water
• S – Sanitation
• H- Hygiene
WASH INITIATIVE BY UNICEF
• UNICEF extended the objective of eradicating open defecation to
effective solid and liquid waste management in all cities and villages.
• To support lagging states and districts, UNICEF works in 16 states and
192 districts, technically supports the Government, assists in alternative
service delivery approaches, and mobilizes public institutions and
partners, including the private sector, around WASH services.
• WASH programming is grounded in empirical data, rigorous research and
thoughtful analysis. To ensure community participation, gender
mainstreaming, and efficient programming, all water, sanitation and
hygiene (WASH) interventions get supported by social and behavior
change communication (SBCC).
Total sanitation campaign(1999)
• The TSC was launched in April 1999, advocating of a shift from a high subsidy to
a low subsidy regime, a greater household involvement and demand
responsiveness, and providing for the promotion of a range of toilet options to
promote increased affordability.
• The TSC gives emphasis on Information, Education and Communication (IEC) for
demand generation of sanitation facilities, providing for stronger back up
systems such as building materials through rural sanitary marts and production
centers and including a thrust on school sanitation as an entry point for
encouraging wider acceptance of sanitation by rural masses as key strategies.
• It also lays emphasis on school sanitation and hygiene education for bringing
about attitudinal and behavioral changes for relevant sanitation and hygiene
practices from a young.