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Che821 - Lecture Seven
Che821 - Lecture Seven
Response/settling time :
This is defined as the time
required for the output to
come within some
prescribed limit of the final
steady state value and
remains. Its general
expression is given as
For 2% tolerance band,
when
Multicapacity Processes as a Second –
Order System
• Connection of Two First Order Systems in
Series
Multicapacity Processes as a Second –
Order System
• Connection of Two First Order Systems in
Series
Derivation of Transfer Functions
Non –Interacting Capacities: General Case
Modeling Equations
• First capacity
• Second capacity
Derivation of Transfer Functions
Non –Interacting Capacities: General Case
Derivation of Transfer Functions
Non –Interacting Capacities: General Case
Derivation of Transfer Functions
Note
Two first –order systems connected in series
gives a second order response with two
distinct real poles and and the overall
response is overdamped.
If two first order systems are connected in
series, we get overdamped or critically
damped response, but never an
underdamped response.
Derivation of Transfer Functions
Note
• For nth number of first order systems
connected in series
Example of the Non- Interacting Systems
Tank 1
Example of the Non- Interacting Systems
Example of the Non- Interacting Systems
Taking the Laplace
• Tank 2
Examples of Interacting Systems
• Tank 1
• Tank 2
•
• Tank 1
•
• Tank 2
Examples of Interacting Systems
• Tank 1
• Tank 2
NOTE:
• The overall response for this two interacting
systems connected in series is second order.
Examples of Interacting Systems
NOTE:
• The overall response for this two interacting systems connected
in series is second order.
• The roots are;
•
Second Order Dynamics: First – Order Process +
Controller
• Controller Equation
Second Order Dynamics: First – Order Process +
Controller
Second Order Dynamics: First – Order Process +
Controller
Second Order Dynamics: First – Order Process +
Controller
• Recall that
• Example:
Derive a transfer function in the form of
Approximation of Higher Order Transfer Function
to Lower Order Transfer Function
Solution
1. Taylor’s Method
Similarly: