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UNIVERSITY CAMPUS DESIGN

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN - IV
TOPIC : MANAGEMENT

GROUP – 3
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A SHREYA – 069
– 075
SUSHITHA – 078
YASHVIKA
HISTORY OF
UNIVERSITIES CAMPUS ‘MANAGEMENT’ MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
A ‘university’ is institution of higher education Management is the process of getting activities
typically accepting students from the age of about completed efficiently and effectively with and through M
1 7 or 18, depending on country, where subjects are
studied and researched in depth and degrees are
other people. A
It plays an important role in the success of any field
offered.
irrespective of its typology. It is also helps in saving
N
A ‘campus’ is the grounds or property or traditionally
the land on which a college or university and related to lot of time and money in various issues in various A
institutional buildings are situated. Usually a college sectors, so the requirement of professionals in this G
campus includes libraries, lecture halls, residence field are must.
halls, student centers or dining halls, and park-like
E
settings M
UNIVERSITY GRANTS E
COMMISSION OF INDIA (UGC) N
The UGC is a statutory body set up by the Department
T
Of Higher Education, Ministry Of Education, Government
Of India, in accordance to the UGC act 19 56.

UGC is charged with coordination, determination NATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND


and maintenance of standards of higher education.
MANAGEMENT STUDIES ACCREDITATION COUNCIL (NAAC)
It provides recognition to universities in India, and
disbursements of Accreditation for higher learning LEADS TO NAAC is a government organization in India that
assesses and accredits Higher Education Institutions.
over universities under the aegis of university grants
The prime agenda of NAAC is to assess and accredit
commission is overseen by following fifteen ALL INDIA COUNCIL FOR institutions of higher learning with all objective of
autonomous statutory institutions: TECHNICAL EDUCATION (AICTE) helping them to work continuously to improve the
• All India Council For Technical Education (AICTE)
The AICTE is a statutory body, advisory body quality of education.
• Indian Council Of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
and a national-level council for technical education,
• Bar Council Of India (BCI) NATIONAL INSTITUTIONAL
under the Department of Higher Education,
• National Council For Teacher Education (NCTE) RANKING FRAMEWORK (NIRF)
established in 1 9 4 5 by an Act of Parliament.
• Rehabilitation Council Of India (RCI) NIRF is a methodology adopted by the
• Medical Council Of India (MCI) AICTE is responsible for proper planning and Ministry
• National Medical Commission (NMC) coordinated development of the technical Of Education, Govt. Of India, to rank
• National Council For Rural Institutes (NCRI) education and management education system in institutions of higher education in India. It is
• Council Of Architecture India.
• State Councils Of Higher Education (SCHE)
empowered to take-up physical checks on the
institution records and audited accounts.
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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DESIGN INTRODUCTION, GOVERNING BODIES SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
SECUNDERABA YASHVIKA – 0 7 8
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TYPES OF UNIVERSITIES
CENTRAL UNIVERSITY STATE UNIVERSITY DEEMED UNIVERSITY PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
• Central university is funded and • They are funded and controlled by • Deemed Universities are those • Private universities are those that
controlled by central government. state government. institutes that have been granted a have not been established by M
• They have been established by an • They are established by a status of autonomy by the the govt. but have received the
Act local legislative assembly act. recommendation of UGC because of the recognition from UGC. A
of Parliament and the President of India • These universities come under the high standard of work carried out • They are set up through a N
is visitor of these universities state government though they also there. central or state act in the same
• To get into a central university it is require recognition by UGC. • Being allocated the deemed university way as the central or state A
usually tougher due to, has much lower • Tougher due to high competition, status provides autonomy to the universities, .
tuition and other fees and the lower tuition and other fees and managed by a private
courses are more prestigious than the courses prestigious than other
universities in designing the curriculum, E
course and syllabus. They can also set management
other those of other universities. those of other universities. their own guidelines for admissions M
• They are 4 9 Central Universities and fees. G E
established in India. • They don't receive funding from
the govt. as a whole, some N
COURSES OFFERED IN THE MANAGEMENT departments may receive funding T
FIELD for individual projects if applied.
BACHELOR MANAGEMENT COURSES MASTERS MANAGEMENT COURSES FPM - FELLOW PROGRAMME
1. BBA - Bachelor of Business Administration 1. MBA - Masters of Business Administration IN MANAGEMENT
2. B B M - Business Management 2. M.com - Master of Commerce 1. Accounting.
3. B M S - Management Studies 3. M C M - Master in Computer Management 2. Financial Economics.
4. B.Com - Commerce (Management) 4. PGDBM - Post Graduate Diploma in Business 3. Information Systems.
5. B B A + D B A - Business Administration Management 4. Marketing Operations
plus a Diploma in Business Administration- 5. MFM - Master of Financial Management Management.
6. B B A + GDBM - Business Administration + 6. MHM - Master in Hospital Management 5. Organizational
Graduate Diploma in Business Management 7. Phil (Management) - Master of Philosophy in Behavior.
7. B.CAM - Computer Aided Management- Management 6. Strategy.
PHD – DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
8. Bachelor of Computer Application + 8. EPGP - Executive Post Graduate Program IN MANAGEMENT
Executive Master of Business Administration 9.MMS - Master of Management Studies 1. Accounting
9.BBE - Bachelors in Business Economics 10.EVM - Master of Event Management 2. Decision Sciences
10.Sc (Management) 11.MBS - Master of Business Studies 3. Doctorate of Business
11.BHA - Bachelor of Hospital Management 12. PGDM - Post Graduate Diploma in Administration (DBA)
1 2 . B S M - Bachelor in Sports Management Management 4. Executive Doctorates
13.BHM - Bachelor of Hospitality Management 13. PGDBA - Post Graduate Diploma in 5. Finance
Business Analytics 6. Management
14. PGP - Post Graduate Program in 7. Marketing
Management
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

CSIIT UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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INDIAN INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY
NEED FOR MANAGEMENT COLLEGE:
(IITS Central University:
Business academy is an innovative institute committed to
IIM Ahmedabad
) known for three-degree
lITs in India are typically developing programs designed to equip students of
programmes - B.Tech, M. Tech and Dual - Louis Kahn
management and information technology with the M
Degree(B.Tech-M.Tech). However, these premier knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the national
institutes also offer other degree courses such as and international work place.
B.Arch, M.Arch, BSc etc. Here is a complete list
State University : A
of
The University College Of SIZE OF THE CAMPUS:
courses offered at IITs. Commerce & The ideal size for a university campus depends on
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY Business
Management, Ou, Hyd
the N
instruction, all location
university, the influenceofthe
the campus, the type of
(NITS A major controlling factor is walking distance. Ten
size.
NITs are the premier )autonomous public technical Central University:
universities under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Indian Institute Of
minutes from hostel to classroom is considered a
maximum allowable walking distance. Three to five
A
Education, Government of India. They are governed Management Calcutta is optimum. When growth endangers convenience,
minutes
by the National Institutes of Technology, Science comfort and efficiency, it is time to think about forming
Education and Research Act, 2 0 0 7 , which declared saeparate campus.
G
them as institutions of national importance and E
lays down their powers, duties, and framework
Central University: OBJECTIVES:
Indian Institute Of
for governance. They are thirty-one NITs. • To create a good circulation with well-connected blocks
Management Bangalore
with pathways and greenery. M
INDIAN INSTITUTES OF MANAGEMENT • Focused on the arrangement of zoning.
(IIM S • Ensure appropriate open spaces for interaction and
lIMs - Indian Institutes )of Management are institutes
Central University:
amphitheatres. E
Indian Institute Of
of management education and research under the Management Indore • To provide more natural ventilation for all the N
jurisdiction of Ministry of Education, Government of infrastructure.
India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral • To provide comfortable and tenable sports amenities
and
executive programmes along with some appropriately zoned in the site. T
additional • Provision of landscape in most of the open spaces for
courses RANKING
in the fieldOF
of Business Administration. Deemed University:
UNIVERSITIES IBS Campus, Hyd
healthier wellbeing.
COLLEGE YR RK SCOPE:
Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad 1961 1 • This is an attempt to understand the impact
Indian Institute of Management 1961 2 campus planning and overall performance of the
of
Calcutta
Indian Institute of Management 1973 3 student.
Bangalore
Indian Institute of Management 1984 7 Private University: • Maximize the capture of natural light into the blocks
Lucknow
Indian Institute of Management 1996 6 SIBM, Pune to conserve energy and also to give a lively appeal
Indore the human.
to
Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode 1997 4

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.


UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY
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DES IGN UNIVERSITIES, REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
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UNIVERSITY CAMPUS : SITE SURROUNDINGS: SITE ZONING
MASTER PLAN: Campus should ideally be a
quiet, comfortable oasis apart
from the normally busy, noisy, M
congested world in this sense a A
campus should be more like a
residential suburb or part than a N
city. A
It should
The university
mutually
will
its
not beand
isolated
the region
fromin which it is situated
benefit from proper interaction the university will
surroundings.
G
serve as a cultural center, if the people of the region are E
allowed to share in its activities.
M
SITE ZONING : E
• Cluster development and looped connection of roads
enables workability and provide open spaces. N
• Vehicular and pedestrian connections should be taken T
care with proper amenities and convenience.
• More number of open spaces to facilitate both formal
and informal open spaces. ORIENTATION :
CHANDIGARH MASTER PLAN • Design human-scaled spaces with spatial sensibilities
LAND USE : that relate to the mass, proportion, and size of • The ideal orientation is on an east-west axis with
surrounding buildings. rectangular proportion of 1(east-west) to between 1.5
• Make the campus inviting and transparent with a and 2 (north south)
sense of arrival.
strong • Maximize south-facing glazing with sun screens can
• Placements / zoning of spaces should be done reduce solar heat gain and increase day lighting and
hierarchy i.e. admin block near the entrance with a
in glare control. On average, south facing glass should be
in the center that connect all other spaces of the
core 1 0 - 2 5 % of the floor area of each building.
Chandigarh is a planned city of India, designed campus and other regions to be spread out from the
Architect Le-Corbusier post independence.
by core. UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AREA :
The city is divided into sectors it has the intellectual
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS 1 0 . 0 0 HA TO 6 0 . 0 0 HA
sector acting as hands in the 12, 14, 2 5 sectors.
AREA
The intellectual sectors consists of university colleges
for under-graduation, post-graduation, and PHD Residential (if included) 2 5 % of total land area
courses. area
Its is equally important to build an educational zone Sports & Cultural activities 1 5 % of total land area
in order to maintain the spirit of the intellectual Parks and Landscape 1 5 % of total land area
zone.
including green belt
DESIGN CONCEPT OF A CONVINIENT
CAMPUS
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF COLLEGES DEVELOPMENT CONTROL RULES AND HEIGHTS
The height of all rooms for human habitation shall not
AND UNIVERSITIES: GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS less than 2.75m.
be
CENTRAL FACILITIES: MEANS OF ACCESS: For educational buildings
For all educational buildings the means of access shall Ceiling heights 3.6m for all regions:3m in cold M
• Administration,
• Dean’s offices, be less than the following:-
not regions A


Parking,
Lecture theatre for basic and special lectures,
WIDTH OF MEANS OF LENGTH OF MEANS OF N
ACCESS {M} ACCESS {M}
• Seminar and group rooms,
12 200
A
• Computer lab and workstation,
• Staff meeting room, 15 400 G
• Exam room etc. 18 600 E
ACADEMIC BLOCK REQUIREMENTS: - 24 ABOVE 600
OFFSTREET PARKING SPACE M
• Lecture halls One car parking space for every 2lakhs-10lakhs
• Library PATHWAYS:
E
• Attached/separate auditorium The approach to the buildings N
• Academic staff cabins from road/street/internal means
• Administrative staff cabins of access shall be through T
• Staff rooms paved pathway of width not
• Washrooms less than 1.5m provided its
• Open courtyard / event not more than 30m
length
• Cafeterias
spaces
RESIDENCE: ACCESS FROM HIGHWAYS/IMPORTANT ROADS
The main entrance to the building and open spaces on
• Student’s hostels,
its
all sides up to 6m wide and the layout for the
• Staff residences
shall be done capable of taking the weight of fire
same
weighing up to 1 8 tones.
engine PLANTATIONS OR SHRUBS,TREES,GREENARY
Other occupancies 1 2 5 trees pe hectare
The open spaces around the building shall not be less 5 0 % of the permissible open space for greenery.
than
6m.

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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DESIGN REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
SECUNDERABAD YASHVIKA – 0 7 8
SPACES TO BE PROVIDED : CAFETERIAS: HOSTELS :
• For the designing a cafe basic requirements are - ZONING OF HOSTEL AND DINNING:
LECTURE HALLS:
kitchen, separate dinning, wash area & storage,
Major factors to be considered in designing a service counter. M
classroom are the following: • An overall width of 80-85cm is suitable for a dining A
Audience should be able to see & hear lecture, table.
where chalk board or screens needed desirable • Round tables, or tables with six or eight sides, with N
viewing requirements affect seating plan. a diameter of 90-120cm are ideal for four people
and can also take 1 or 2 more diners.
A
G
E

E
N
TYPICAL BED ROOM LAYOUT:
• 3.1 Sq.M dormitory floor area for person. T
• 1 WC per 1 0 bed spaces.
• 1 hand basin per 6 bed spaces.
GUIDELINES FOR PROJECTIONS IN LECTURE HALLS – • 1 bath/shower per 2 0 bed spaces.
• No student should be positioned further than OFFICES:
six screen height multiples from the projection
screen. Professor – 20-24sq.M.
• No student should be positioned closer than two Lecturer – 1 5 sq. M.
screen height multiples to the projection Assistants – 2 0 sqm.
screen. Typists – 1 5 sq.M. (If
• Horizontal viewing angle. Students should be shared by two typist 2 0
positioned within an arc of 4 5 degrees off the sq.M.)
centreline of projection.
• The base of the screen should generally be at
least SPORTS HALL:
1.35 m clear of the floor at the front of the As a thumb rule its can be estimated as follows;
lecture theatre. Required sports area x 2 + necessary distance to TYPICAL BED ROOM LAYOUT
• Students should be limited to 1 5 degrees maximum site boundary + necessary parking for vehicles.
head tilt excursion above horizontal, to reference the
center of ARCHITECTURAL
the projection screen.
DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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DESIGN SP ACE & REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
SECUNDERABAD YASHVIKA – 0 7 8
AUDITORIUMS: LIBRARIES OUTDOOR PITCHES:
: BADMINTON:
• An area of at least 0.5 sq.M is to be used for sitting • The function of academic library is often combined in
a single library in larger towns.
spectators.
• A maximum of 1 6 seats per aisle. 2 5 seats can be • In academic libraries, reference books are provided.
Recommended area - ground space is 1 6 2 0 sqft
minimum to edge of pavement.
M
done with the inclusion of 1m wide door for 3 - 4 They may also be counters for loans from the closed size and dimension - singles court is 1 7 ' x A
rows. stacks, and free access to the open shelves of 4 4 ', doubles court is 20' x 44' with a 5'-0"
• For a speech based auditorium the volume required magazines , books or separately presented educational minimum unobstructed area on all sides.
N
per spectator is 4 – 5 cubic meters from which the materials in reading room.
• Shelving units: unit height -2300mm(book
Orientation - preferred orientation is for the long axis A
height of the auditorium can be derived. to be north-south.
• Elevation of seating – this is obtained by the lines of stock areas) Surface is to be concrete or bituminous material with G
Shelf depth -200-300mm
vision. On a regular basis every 2nd row would
Width of unit-900-1800mm
optional, Protective colour coating for permanent E
require elevation of 1 2 cm. installation. Drainage is to be end to end, side to side,
• Book stacks: length of shelves -4units-3600mm or corner to corner diagonally at a minimum slope of M
6units-5400mm
8 units-7200mm
1 in 1 0 ft.
E
Circulation routes should be > 1.2m wide, and clear
space between shelves at least 1.3 – 1.4 m wide.
N
T

There are many types of stages but the one a business


school is related to is the one with area less than 1 0 0
sq.M. There no extension of stage (secondary stage).
Aisles and gangways can be placed down the rows in
any number.
The minimum width is 1 1 0 0 mm, and is determined by BASKETBALL:
the number of seats. When the aisle is steeply raked, Recommended area - ground space is 4 4 8 m2 minimum
steps must extend to the full width of the gangway, and to 5 4 0 SQ.M
the step risers must be consistent. Size and dimension - playing court is 1 4 x 2 6 m With an
unobstructed space of 1 m minimum to 2 m
MINIMUM FREE SPACE IN recommended on all sides.
READING AREA Orientation - preferred orientation is for the long axis to
be north-south.
The area required for a simple Special considerations - safety-backboard is to be 1 .65
reading/ work place is 2.5 m from support post. Post may be padded.
sq.M., For pc or individual •Surface is to be concrete or bituminous material with
work place > 4.0sq.M, is optional protective colour coating.
needed.

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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DESIGN SP ACE & REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
SECUNDERABAD YASHVIKA – 0 7 8
TENNIS: VOLLEYBALL: AREA REQUIREMENTS:
Recommended area - ground space is 7,20 0 sqft min
Size and dimension - playing court is 3 6 x 7 8 ft plus
LEACTURE HALLS:
at least 1 2 ft clearance on both sides or between
courts in battery and 2 1 ft clearance on each end.
Classification of
size
Area Per person
In sq.m
Req carpet area M
Orientation - of long axis is to be north-south. Classrooms for 1.3 25 - 30 A
surface and drainage - surface may be concrete, or
bituminous material with specialized protective colour
15 – 20 N
students
coating, or sand-clay.
Classrooms for 1.2 5 0 -55
A
•Drainage may be from end to end, side to side, or
corner to corner diagonally at a minimum slope of 1 in.
30 – 40 G
students
in 1 0 ft for pavement and level for sand-clay with
Classrooms for 1.1 65 – 80
E
underdrainage. Standard layout of a Volleyball court
• special considerations fencing-recommended 10-ft- 6 0 students M
HANDBALL:
high chain link fence on all sides. E
ADMIN OFFICE :
N
Spaces Carpet area (Sq.M)
Director’s office 30
T
Conference room 100
Reception office 20
Main office 50
Admin office 10
Maintainance 10
Standard layout of a Handball court
CRICKET: OTHER SPACES IN INSTITUTIONS:
BADMINTION:
Spaces Carpet area (Sq.M)
Head/director 20
Programme office 25
Faculty rooms 1 0 per teacher
Seminar room 30
Reprographic facilities 10
Student Activity Centre 0.25 sq.m per person
Canteen 100
Standard layout of a badminton court

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.


CSIIT UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY
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SECUNDERABA DESIGN SP ACE & REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
D YASHVIKA – 0 7 8
TOILETS : STAFF RESIDENCES: CYCLE AND SCOOTER STAND
Space Area required (sq.m) This will be provided as open or covered area at the rate
Spaces Carpet area (Sq.M) of 1 5 % of the plinth area of the institute building.
Eductaional building 1 0 sq.m for each 1 2 0 Director 140
student population Professor 100 M
Hostel 7 5 sq.m for each 1 2 0 Asst Professor / Lecturer 80 A
student population Class 3 staff 30 N
Class 4 staff 20
HOSTELS : A
Location of the Institute Hostel Strength TEACHERS HOSTEL G
Within 20 km of a large city 2 5 % of boys and 5 0 % of It will be desirable to have a hostel type E
girls enrollment accommodation for 2 5 % strength of the teachers with
the norm of 3 0 sq.m. Carpet area per teacher M
Other Locations 5 0 % of boys and 1 0 0 % of OTHER AMENETIES :
girls enrollment
inclusive of an attached toilet room.
E
GUEST HOUSE Spaces Carpet area (Sq.M) N
The boys hostel will be made as a unit for 1 2 0 students
while there is no minimum for a girls-hostel unit. The first To meet the needs for the guests visiting the Canteen 100 T
year students will be accommodated in triple seated institution for official work and the parents visiting the Co-operative stores 100
rooms while others will be given single seated rooms. students it will be necessary to have a guest house NCC office cum stores 100
The norms for the room areas will be as given below : having four suits with attached toilet, a common
dining hall and kitchen with a total carpet are of 1 5 0
Space Carpet area required (sq.m) sq.m.
Single room 9 sq.m
NORMS FOR LAND
Triple seated room 2 0 sq.m
It will not be desirable to set the norms for the land
requirements for an institution because of existing high
OTHER SPACES IN HOSTEL AS PER NORMS:
pressure on land availability and other similar factors. If
Space Carpet area required (sq.m) enough land is not available near a large town, the STORE
double and triple storey construction may have to be CANTEEN
Kitchen and Dinning hall 10
resorted to. However, it will be desirable to have the
OPEN AIR THEATRE
Indoor games cum Common 75 total land area so as all requirements of the building
hall space are fully met as envisaged in these norms. It will be desirable to
Medical room 3 0 for all hostels have an open air
theatre with an area
Canteen 15 of about 4 0 0 0 sq. m.
Warden office 18 open space along
Guest rooms (2 in number) 18 with a 5 0 sq.m. room
and a small raised
Four addition rooms of 9 sq,m each within the hostel platform for dais.
block

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.


LITERATURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
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DESIGN SP ACE & REQUIREMENTS SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
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SIGNAGE Level. The slope of floors should beno greater than S EATING
1:20.
Signs are important to people who are unfamiliar with
their Seating space shall be set aside for those in
surroundings. wheelchairs who must remain in their wheelchairs and M
cannot transfer to the regular seating. The number of
level floor spaces of at least 36" (92 cm] in width A
and 4 -4" (132 cm] in length to be provided shall be
as follows:
N
UNIVERSAL DESIGN ELEMENTS WITHIN BUILDING A
PREMISES
G
WALKS AND PATHS
• Walks should be smooth, hard and have levelled surface E
suitable for walking and wheeling.
• Minimum walk way width for two way traffic should be
M
1800mm. E
• When walks exceed 6 0 meter in length it is desirable
to provide rest area adjacent to the walk at
RAMP
N
convenient intervals of 3 0 meter T
WATER CLOSET

Be located between 4 6 0
mm to 4 8 0 mm from the
centreline of the water
closet to the adjacent
wall

FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED SLEEPING AND


PARKING STUDY QUARTER
There shall be reserved parking for
persons with disability within 30m of Space: There must be a
accessible entrances. minimum clear floor
FLOOR SURFACES space in such areas of
Floor surface should be stable, 6' (183
firm, level and slip-resistant and cm) by 6‘ (183 cm |
preferably matt finish and should enabling a 360° turn by
not have any projections, drops, or a wheelchair.
unexpected variation in
1:20.

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DESIGN BARRIER FREE SUSHITHA – 0 7 5
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SUSTAINABLE DESIGN S ERVICES
SOLAR ENERGY:
Sustainable design reduces Solar energy is not only sustainable, it is renewable and
the negative impact on the that will never run out. It is a natural source of power as
M
environment and human health, it is possible to generate electricity. Once the solar A
thus improving the panels have been installed and are working at maximum
performance during a building’s efficiency there is only a small amount of maintenance
N
life cycle. Careful required each year to ensure they are in working order. A
consideration is given to They are a silent producer of energy. There is absolutely
water, energy, building G
no noise made from photovoltaic panels as they convert
materials, and solid waste. sunlight into usable electricity. E
BIOGAS M
Biogas
been in isoperation
a clean source of energy.
for a long Biogas
period of time,plants have E
especially in rural areas. They are useful at focusing N
on newerlow cost designs.
efficient T
It has High calorific value with no residue produced, no
smoke produced, non polluting, economical , can be
supplied through pipe lines.

SUSTAINABLE ASPECTS :- RAINWATER HARVESTING


• Solar energy Rainwater harvesting is the immediate collection of
• Bio gas rainwater running off surfaces upon which it has fallen
• Water directly. Collecting rain water is cost effective and a
• Construction Techniques best alternative to the scarcity for water world
• Materials wide. It plays an important role in agriculture.
• Rain water harvesting It is very Useful for urban areas .
It is important to save the water for the future.

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UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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FIRE FIGHTING :

G
E

E
N
NORMS FOR OFF-STREET PARKING SPACES:
T

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI REMARKS GROUP - 3 SHEET NO.

UNIVERSITY CAMPUS LITERATURE STUDY


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THANK YOU

GROUP – 3
LIKHITH – 059
A SHREYA – 069
– 075
SUSHITHA – 078
YASHVIKA

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