HARVEST AND

POST-HARVEST
OPERATIONS
LEARNING OBJEVCTIVES;
• Define Harvest and Post-harvest,
• Differentiate the types of harvesting methods and,
• Explain the importance of proper post-harvest
operations.
 concerning the useful
requirement
HARVESTING of seed,
rhizomes, bulbs, tubers,
stems, leaves, stalk or
others with minimum
losses.
METHODS OF
HARVESTING
1. HAND HARVESTING
(MANUAL HARVESTING)
is a method of gathering grains,
fruits, vegetables, leaves, etc., by
hand or manually.
2. HARVESTING WITH
HAND TOOLS
farmers use a few tools to
harvest the crops. Such as small
sickle,big sickle, knife and a small
axe., etc are a few examples of
harvesting with hand tools.
3. HARVESTING WITH
MACHINERY
is the act or process of
harvesting grains in large quatities
by using modern harvesters. a
modern harvester can combine with
other huge machiney to cut and
clean the grains at the same time.
POST-HARVEST OPERATION
a term used for the movement of commodities and
operations through which a commodity udergoes from
harvest to possession the final consumer. its ultimate
objective is to maintain the quality of the commodity
from harvest until consumption.
POST-HARVEST
OPERATIONS
PRECOOLING AFTER HARVEST

Precooling minimises the effect the respiration

rate, and ethylene production, whilst reducing the
ripening rate, water loss, and decay, thereby
preserving quality and extending shelf life of
harvested crops.
CLEANING OR DISINFECTING
Proper hygiene is a major concern to all produce
handlers, because of not only postharvest diseases, but
also incidence of food-borne illnesses that can be
transmitted to consumers.
SORTING AND GRADING
Sorting is the removal of rotten, damaged, or diseased
fruits from the healthy and clean ones. The damaged or
diseased fruits can produce ethylene in substantial amounts
which can affect the adjacent fruits. Grading is also the
process of categorising fruits and vegetables on the basis of
colour, size, stage of maturity, or degree of ripening.
 PACKAGING
Packaging in agriculture is the use of packaging materials
to protect and preserve food during storage and transportation.
Farmers use packaging to extend the shelf life of their products
and to keep them fresh and safe to eat. Packaging also helps to
protect food from pests and damage.
STORAGE
Storage is a critical part of the food supply chain and is
essential to ensure food security and a consistent supply of
quality food. Proper storage can help to preserve the quality of
food and prevent spoilage. It is important to choose the right
storage methods and facilities to ensure that food remains safe
and wholesome.
IMPORTANCE OF
POST-HARVEST
OPERATIONS
 IMPORTANCE OF POST-HARVEST
OPERATIONS

1. Extends shelf and storage life

2. Maintain the quality of the harvested product
through sale and consumption.
3. Prevent harmful microbial contamination.
THANK
YOU!
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QUIZ TIME!
FILL IN THE BLANCK:
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate
words in the statement below. Choose your answer in the set
of words inside the box. Write your answer in a 1/4 sheet of
paper.
 Harvesting Storage Grading Sorting
Post-harvest Hand harvesting Packaging
Harvesting with Machinery Harvesting with hand tools

1. __________ involves the cutting of crops from the field.

2. __________ is the term used for the movement of commodities
and operations through which a commodity udergoes from
harvest to possession the final consumer.
3. __________ is the removal of rotten, damaged, or diseased fruits
from the healthy and clean ones.
4.Proper __________ can help to preserve the quality of food and
prevent spoilage.
5. __________ is a method of harvesting where farmers use a few
tools to harvest the crops.
 Harvesting Storage Grading Sorting
Post-harvest Hand harvesting Packaging
Harvesting with machinery Harvesting with hand tools

6. __________ is a method of gathering grains, fruits, vegetables,

leaves, etc., by hand or manually.
7. __________ is use to extend the shelf life of their products and to
keep them fresh and safe to eat.
8. __________ is a method of harvesting that uses machinery in to
cut and clean the grains at the same time.
9.__________ is also the process of categorising fruits and
vegetables on the basis of colour, size, stage of maturity, or
degree of ripening.
10. __________ is important to maintain the quality of the
harvested product through sale and consumption.
 Harvesting Storage Grading Sorting
Post-harvest Hand harvesting Packaging
Harvesting with machinery Harvesting with hand tools

1. __________
HARVESTING involves the cutting of crops from the field.
2. POST-HARVEST is the term used for the movement of commodities
and operations through which a commodity udergoes from
harvest to possession the final consumer.
3. __________
SORTING is the removal of rotten, damaged, or diseased fruits
from the healthy and clean ones.
4.Proper __________
STORAGE can help to preserve the quality of food and
prevent spoilage.
5. HARVESTING WITH HAND_TOOLS is a method of harvesting where
farmers use a few tools to harvest the crops.
 Harvesting Storage Grading Sorting
Post-harvest Hand harvesting Packaging
Harvesting with machinery Harvesting with hand tool

6. HAND HARVESTING is a method of gathering grains, fruits,

vegetables, leaves, etc., by hand or manually.
7. __________
PACKAGING is use to extend the shelf life of their products and to
keep them fresh and safe to eat.
8. __________
HARVESTING WITH MACHINERY is a method of harvesting that uses
machinery in to cut and clean the grains at the same time.
GRADING is also the process of categorising fruits and
9.__________
vegetables on the basis of colour, size, stage of maturity, or
degree of ripening.
10. POST-HARVEST
__________ is important to maintain the quality of the
harvested product through sale and consumption.