ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES FOR

INTERMITTENT RENEWABLE ENERGY

SYSTEMS

S R Awasthi Dr. Pragya Nema

Consultant, CECL, Bhopal Professor, Electrical Engineering Department
Ex. General Manager, BHEL Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Kolkata (W.B.)
 Contents
• Introduction
• Background of storage system
• Different energy storage technology
• Comparison of different storage technology
• Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
• What is energy storage system for renewable
energy ?
• Why is it required ?
• Function of energy storage system
 Background of storage system
Storage is an essential unit that stores unstable electric
energy during wind and photovoltaic power
generation, which is sharply growing new renewable
energy, and supplies the unstable energy to electric
power system again in necessary moment. If there is
no such energy storage unit, any kinds of serious
problems like sudden blackout occurs because of
unstable sunlight-dependent electricity supply. This
Storage takes an important part in the electricity
storage systems for households, the medium-size
system for industrial/commercial use, and the extra-
large system for power plants and substations like
Frequency Regulations
 DIFFERENT ENERGY STORAGE
TECHNOLOGIES

• Pumped storage
• Batteries
• Superconducting magnet energy storage
• Flywheel energy storage
• Regenerative fuel cell storage
• Compressed air energy storage
 Pumped storage

• A pumped storage hydro power plant

may store huge energy by pumping
water from a lower reservoir to a higher
pond. In a pumped storage hydro plant,
we usually make the height of the
reservoir equal to a small hill and at
bottom a cavity is made so that water
may not run away downward.
• Water is pumped during off-peak times
and may be utilized to generate
electricity. Other innovations may store
electricity in small quantity but pumped
storage hydro power plant may store
electricity in Megawatts (MW) or even
Gigawatts(GW).
 Batteries

Battery
Battery working

Battery Bank
 Flywheel energy storage
• Flywheel energy storage systems are one of
energy storage devices. They store energy
mechanically in the flywheel rotor by rotating
the rotor while as chemical batteries stores
energy electrically. When we want to use the
stored energy in the rotor, a generator is used
to convert mechanical energy to electrical
energy.
• Flywheel systems are not sensitive to
temperature since they are operating in a
vacuum containment. Therefore, the hybrid
vehicle with flywheel systems can run without
any problem at very cold or hot areas. And,
flywheel systems can store more energy per
system weight compared to chemical
batteries,
• The flywheel system is a very efficient energy
storage device, it can be used for various
applications.
Superconducting magnet energy storage

Superconducting magnetic energy storage

systems store energy in the magnetic field
created by the flow of direct current in a
superconducting coil. This advanced systems
store energy within a magnet and release it
within a fraction of a cycle.
 Regenerative fuel cell storage
• A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that
converts a source fuel (from combustible
substances such as hydrogen, methane,
propane, and methanol) into an electric
current.
• A fuel cell is a device that generates
electricity by a chemical reaction. Every fuel
cell has two electrodes, one positive and
one negative, called, respectively, the
anode and cathode. The reactions that
produce electricity take place at the
electrodes.

• Hydrogen is the basic fuel, but fuel cells also

require oxygen. One great appeal of fuel
cells is that they generate electricity with
very little pollution—much of the hydrogen
and oxygen used in generating electricity
ultimately combine to form a harmless
byproduct, namely water.
•
ntinue…

Compressed air energy storage

•Energy from solar or wind and even

electricity from thermal power plant during
off-peak period may be utilized to compress
air by compressor and same air may be
utilized to produce electricity during peak-
hour.
•Compressed air energy storage is done in
underground caverns and abandoned
mines.
 References
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• Schainker, R., 1996, private communication, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, presented at the
PowerGen Conference, Orlando, FL USA.
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0QA (www.innogy.com).
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