) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

CARDIOVASCULAR
and
DIGESTIVE
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

THE HUMAN

CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEM
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) The Cardiovascular System
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

also known as the circulatory system

As the name implies, blood contained in the circulatory system

is pumped by the heart around a closed circle or circuit of
vessels as it passes again and again through the various
"circulations" of the body.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
It consists of the heart, which is a muscular pumping device,
and a closed system of vessels called arteries, veins, and
capillaries.
The blood is transported
throughout the body in large
blood vessels called arteries.
Arteries branch into arterioles
and then into capillaries, where
oxygen, carbon dioxide, water,
and nutrients are exchanged
with the surrounding tissue.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Heart is divided into right and left side, the division protects
oxygen-rich blood from mixing with oxygen poor blood.

Artery - ORB
Vein - OPB

Together the heart and blood vessel comprise the

cardiovascular system which circulates blood and oxygen
around your body .
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Oxygen poor blood returns to the heart after circulating through
the body.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
The right side of the heart composed of the right atrium and
ventricle. Collects and pumps the blood to the lungs through
the pulmonary arteries.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Four valves within the heart that keep the blood moving the
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

right way are called tricuspid,mitral, pulmonary and aortic valve

work like gates on the fence they open only one way and only
when pushed on.

Each valves opens and

closes once per heartbeat
or about once every
second.
 The lungs refresh the blood with a new supply of oxygen
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

making it turn red. Oxygen rich blood, enters the left side of the
heart composed of left atrium and ventricle and pumped
through the aorta to the bodyto supply tissue with oxygen.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Digestive System

The digestive system is composed of different organs that work
together to break down food and nourish the body.
The function of the digestive system is to help convert large
food molecules into simpler molecules (monomers) that can be
absorbed and used by the cells of the body.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

THE HUMAN
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PROCESSES OF
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Ingestion, digestion,
I absorption,
assimilation, and egestion
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Ingestion
is the first process that happens in digestive system. It is the
journey of taking in food or any substance into the body through
the mouth.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Digestion
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It is the process that involves the break down of large food molecules into smaller m
absorption of the cells.
I
Mechanical digestion - biting, grinding, and chewing food into smaller pieces t
swallow.

Mechanical digestion - biting, grinding, and chewing food into

smaller pieces that we can easily swallow.
Chemical digestion - breakdown of food into smaller
substances that can be used by the cells.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PARTS INVOLVED IN THE
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

DIGESTION PROCESS
.
Teeth
cut, crush, grind, and break the food into tiny pieces.

Tongue
helps mix food with saliva secreted by the salivary glands to form
a moist ball called bolus.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

ESOPHAGUS
h.

Also known as "gullet"

A tube that connects the

mouth to stomach.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

PERISTALSIS
A series of wave-like muscle
contraction known as peristalsis
push and transport food and liquid in
the stomach.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

STOMACH
A J-shaped, bag-like muscular organ that can hold
approximately one liter of fluid and food.

CHYME is a semifluid material formed from bolus that is acted upon

by the gastric juices secreted by the stomach.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ACCESSORY ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

SYSTEM
GALLBLADDER
Stores bile from the liver
LIVER and sends it to small
intestine to digest fats
-Secretes bile stored in the
PANCREAS
gallbladder. secretes digestive enzymes
that helps in the break down
of fats, proteins, and
carbohydrates.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Small Intestine
Chyme enters the small
intestine for final
digestion.
Small digested food
molecules are absorbed
into the bloodstream.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Duodenum is the first part of the

small intestine with a length of
20cm - 25cm. The main function
of duodenum is the absorption of
vitamins, minerals, and other
nutrients.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Jejunum is the second part of the

small intestine with a size of
2.5cm. It absorbs nutrients
particularly amino acids, sugas,
and fatty acids.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Ileum has a length of 3.5meters.

It absorb the remaining nutrients
that did not get absorbed by the
duodenum and jejunum,
particularly it absorbs vitamin
B12.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Absorption
It is the third process of the digestive system. It is the
process of passing soluble food molecules in the wall of the
small intestine through villi.

Villi is the tiny, finger-like projections that line the inside of the
small intestine. They contain blood vessels and help absorb
nutrients.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Large intestine
t has four parts namely cecum, colon, rectum, and anal
canal. Undigested food travel to the large intestine.
The large intestine is the place where feces are formed. It
secretes mucus to aid in the formation of feces.
The large intestine is the place where
feces are formed. It secretes mucus to
aid in the formation of feces.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Egestion
It is the last process that occurs in the digestive system. It is
the release of undigested food collected in the rectum called
feces and pushed out of the body through the anus by
defecation.
Rectum is a temporary storage for feces. Anus is the opening
at the lower end of the digestive tract through which stool
leaves the body.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Assimilation
It is the fourth process of the digestive system. It is the
movement of digested food nutrients into the blood vessels
of the small intestine.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Assignment
Search about the common illnesses related to cardiovascular

and digestion. Write your answers in your science notebook.