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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Setup for the Dissection (include procedure and actual photos)

Figure 1. (Actual image of pinning the frog) Figure 2. (Expose internal organs)

B. Internal Organs (per body system)

a) Respiratory System and Liver

Actual Picture Name of the Description / Functions
Organ
Lungs The frog's lungs are a pair of
thinwalled sacs connected to the
mouth through an opening, the
glottis. The surface area of the lungs
is increased by inner partitions that
are richly supplied with blood
vessels.
Gas exchange, through pulmonary
respiration.

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Liver The largest structure of the body

cavity. This brown colored organ is
composed of three parts, or lobes.
The right lobe, the left anterior
lobe, and the left posterior lobe.

Gallbladder Lift the lobes of the liver, there will

be a small green sac under the liver.
The gall bladder stores the bile made
by the liver and is then used in the
small intestine.

b) Circulatory System
Actual Picture Name of the Description / Functions
Organ
Heart A frog’s heart is located above the
liver. The heart is a triangular
structure.
The heart's function is to supply
blood to the body.

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Left Atrium The left atrium receives oxygenated

blood from the lungs and skin
(which also serves as a gas
exchange organ in most amphibians)

Right Atrium The right atrium receives

deoxygenated blood from the veins.
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
have a tendency to mix within the
ventricle that is responsible for
pumping blood.

Ventricle Chamber of a frog's heart that pumps

blood out of the heart to the lungs
and other parts of the body.

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c) Digestive System
Actual Picture Name of the Description / Functions
Organ
Stomach Curving below the liver is the
stomach it looks like a large whitish
tube.
The stomach is after the esophagus,
and is where food is broken down.
More specifically it is where food is
stored and is mixed with enzymes to
begin digestion.

Small A long tube-like organ that connects

Intestine the stomach and the large intestine. It
is about 20 feet long and folds many
times to fit inside the abdomen. The
small intestine has three parts: the
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
It is where nutrients are absorbed.

Anus The rectum is a green color and is at

the very bottom of the frog, because
the waist from the rectum goes out of
the body. The rectum pushes the
waste from the frog out of the anus.

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Pancreas This glandular organ is located

within the curve of the stomach.
It secretes insulin, which is needed
for the proper breakdown of sugar.

Spleen Return to the folds of the mesentery,

this dark red spherical object serves
as a holding area for blood, where
harmful particles can be filtered out
for the immune system.

Fat bodies Spaghetti shaped structures that have

a bright orange or yellow color.
Its function is to store energy and
fats.

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d) Urogenital System
Actual Picture Name of the Description / Functions
Organ
Kidney Flattened bean shaped organs located
at the lower back of the frog, near
the spine. They are often a dark
color. The kidneys filter wastes from
the blood. Often fat bodies are
attached to the kidney.

Urinary An empty sac located at the lowest

bladder part of the body cavity. The bladder
stores urine.
The amphibian urinary bladder is a
bilobate, highly distensible and
vascularized sac that stores fluid for
use during periods of water stress

e) Male Anatomy
Actual Picture Name of the Description / Functions
Organ
Testes In male frogs, these organs are
located at the top of the kidneys,
they are pale colored and round.
The testes produce sperm, or male
sex cells, which move through sperm
ducts, tubes that carry sperm into the
cloaca, from which the sperm move
outside the body.

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