THE HUMAN

REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

WEEK 3 DAY 3
REMINDER:
All the photos that you will see in
this presentation are part of the
lesson. Please keep an open mind
as we go along the discussion.
• Learning Goals
1. Describe the parts of the
reproductive systems, along with
their functions.
2. Explain the role of hormones
involved in the female and male
reproductive systems
For most living creatures, reproduction is
basically a normal process controlled by
hormones. Even though human reproduction is
also controlled by hormones, the process is
rather more complicated. Unlike other organisms
such as plants and animals, you can make
decisions about reproduction
The system involved in sexual reproduction is called
the reproductive system. There is a striking difference
between the male and the female reproductive
systems, although they also share a number of
similarities. the reproductive organs of the male and
female are developed from the same embryological
structures, and some hormones are commonly found in
both male and female, in varying quantities and
produce different responses
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
 External genitalia
A. Penis - the male organ of copulation, is
partly inside and partly outside the body. The
inner part, attached to the bony margins of the
pubic arch (that part of the pelvis directly in
front and at the base of the trunk), is called the
root of the penis.
A. Penis
 A. Penis
Body of the penis, sometimes
referred to as the shaft, is
cylindrical in shape when flaccid
but when erect is somewhat
triangular in cross section, with
the angles rounded.
Must be erect for the semen to
pass out. This happen when
blood is pumped into the special
spongy tissue in the penis.
 External genitalia
B. Scrotum - the scrotum is a pouch of skin
lying below the pubic symphysis and just in
front of the upper parts of the thighs. It contains
the testes and lowest parts of the spermatic
cord. Keeps the testes at cooler temperature.
 B. Scrotum
The bag of skin that
holds and helps to protect
the testicles. The testicles
make sperm and, to do
this, the temperature of
the testicles needs to be
cooler than the inside of
the body.
A. TESTES - two testes, or testicles, which
usually complete their descent into
the scrotum from their point of origin on the
back wall of the abdomen in the seventh
month after conception, are suspended in the
scrotum by the spermatic cords.
Usually the right testicle is larger than the left.
TESTES
• Produces sperm cells.
• Testosterone, hormone pro
duced by the male testis
that is responsible for
development of the
male sex organs and
masculine characteristics,
including facial hair and
deepening of the voice.
B. VAS DEFERENS - Carries sperm from
testes to urethra. It transports mature
sperm to the urethra in preparation for
ejaculation. It is involved in
transporting spermatozoa from the
epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.
B. VAS DEFERENS
C. Epididymis - the male sex accessory
duct. The main function of the epididymis is
to store the sperms for maturation and
transport it to vas deferens. It is a coiled
tube attached to both the testes through vasa
efferentia. It connects the testes to vas
deferens.
D. Urethra - function of the male urethra is
to allow passage of urine and semen. The
urethra connects the distal portions of the
urinary system, such as the urinary bladder, to
the external environment and allows for urine
excretion from the body.
D. Urethra
E. Seminal vesicle - The seminal vesicles are
two small glands that store and produce the
majority of the fluid that makes up semen.
During ejaculation, the fluid from the seminal
vesicles is expelled into the ejaculatory duct where
it can then move on to mix with sperm and other
reproductive fluids.
E. Seminal vesicle
F. Prostate Gland - the prostate's primary
function is to produce the fluid that nourishes
and transports sperm (seminal fluid). It is
important for reproduction, because it supplies
part of the seminal fluid (semen), which mixes
with sperm from the testes.
F. Prostate Gland
G. Bulbourethral gland or Cowper
glands - fluid neutralizes the acidity of
the urine residue in the urethra, helps to
neutralize the acidity of the vagina, and
provides some lubrication for the tip of
the penis during intercourse.
G. Bulbourethral gland or Cowper
glands
Cowper's gland is the main source
of the pre-ejaculate fluid. It is
situated below the prostate and is
also called the bulbourethral gland.
It produces an alkaline, mucus-like
fluid during sexual stimulation. Pre-
ejaculation fluid neutralizes the
acidity in the urethra
H. Ejaculatory Duct - The ejaculatory
ducts transport spermatozoa and fluids
from the ampulla and seminal vesicles to
the prostatic urethra (also called the
colliculus seminalis).
H. Ejaculatory Duct
During the ejaculation semen is
pumped out of the penis. This is due to
the contraction of the muscles around
sperm tubes and urethra. This makes
about teaspoonful of semen (500
million sperms)
 SPERM CELLS
• The life span of sperm after
ejaculation depends on the
circumstances.
• Ejaculated sperm remain viable
for several days within the
female reproductive tract.
Fertilization is possible as long
as the sperm remain alive — up
to five days.
• Sperm can also be preserved for
decades when semen is frozen
 SPERM CELLS
• The life span of sperm after
ejaculation depends on the
circumstances.
• Ejaculated sperm remain viable
for several days within the
female reproductive tract.
Fertilization is possible as long
as the sperm remain alive — up
to five days.
• Sperm can also be preserved for
decades when semen is frozen
https://www.pharmacy180.com/article/anatomy-of-
the-male-reproductive-system-3707/
THANK YOU! 