Presentation on

different
verb tenses
Group #2
 Participants
• Elisanna María Martínez Sánchez
• Yeremmy Travieso Peña
• Wilkins Ismael Gervacio Carpio
• Nehemías Fortuna
• Ariel Cuevas Jiménez
• Tony Mateo
• Daury Sen Luis
• José Eduardo Williams Abreu
• José Antonio Severino Mejía
Introduction
 Past Perfect Simple
It is used to express sequences of events in the past and to
identify what happened first. It is formed as follows:

• Affirmative: Subject + auxiliary had + verb in participle +

complement = They had done their homework before they
went out. (Habían hecho los deberes antes de salir.)

• Negative: Subject + auxiliary had + not + verb in participle +

complement = They had not done their homework before they
went out. (No habían hecho los deberes antes de salir.)

• Interrogative: Auxiliary had + Subject + verb in participle +

complement = Had they did their homework
before they went out? (¿Habían hecho los deberes antes de
salir?)
Structure of Past Perfect Simple
 Past Perfect continuous
The past perfect continuous is a tense used to talk about an
action that began in the past and continued until another time
in the past.

The structure of the past perfect continuous is as follows:

"had been" + gerund verb (-ing). For example:

- "I had been studying for three hours when she called
me.“ ("Llevaba tres horas estudiando cuando me
llamó".)

In this example, the study action started in the past and

continued until the time the other person called. The Past
Perfect Continuous is used to emphasize the duration of the
action in the past and to emphasize its continuity .
 Differences between the Past Perfect Simple and
the Past Perfect Continuous
The main difference between the past perfect simple and the past perfect continuous is in the type
of action being expressed:

The past perfect simple is used to
express actions completed before
another point in the past. It focuses on
the result of the action.
The past perfect continuous is used to
express actions that had a continuous
duration until another point in the past.
It focuses on the duration or process of
the action.

Example of difference
Past Perfect Simple: She had finished her book. (Había terminado su libro).
Past Perfect Continuous: She had been reading a book. (Había estado leyendo un libro.)
 Present Simple
The present simple is the verb tense to use when you want to
express any of the following conditions:

● To make known actions or permanent states. Example:

Guadalajara is the capital of Jalisco. (Guadalajara es la capital
de Jalisco.)

● To communicate actions or states that are repeated in time.

Example: Every four years is a leap year. (Cada cuatro años
es bisiesto.)

● To transmit routines, continuous facts that are repeated

daily or with a determined periodicity. Example: I walk to
my work. (Camino hacia mi trabajo.)

● Giving instructions or directions. Example: First, smash the

potatoes and then pour some milk. (Primero, aplasta las patatas
y luego vierte un poco de leche).
 Present continuous
The present continuous generally refers to Situations or actions that ate being carried out at the
moment and, as in Spanish, learning this tense is essential to have fluency and expression in any
conversation in English. Uses for the present continuous:

1. Clearly explain actions that
happen at the same
moment in which they are
described.
For example:
He is learning English
2. Provide context when expressing
current situations. Normally these
sentences are accompanied by adverbs
such as recently, currently
or lately, among others.
For example:
She is crying a lot lately
3. They express with certainty
events or actions of the future.
For example:
We are going to the cinema next
Friday
 Present perfect
The present perfect is a verb tense in English that is used to
talk about actions that began in the past but have some relevance
in the present.

It is used for actions that began in the past and continue in

the present. For example: I have lived in New York for five
years. (Vivo en Nueva York desde hace cinco años.)

Structure:

The basic structure of the present perfect is the verb "to have"
in the present followed by the past participle of the main verb.
For example:

- I have eaten. (He comido.)

- She has read. (Ella ha leído.)
 Present Perfect continuous
This tense in English is for actions or states that have developed
for a certain time that began in the past and continues at the
time it is expressed. It is formed with the following structure:

• Affirmative: Subject + auxiliary have/has + been + gerund verb

+ complement = Your dog has been playing with her all
morning. (Tu perro ha estado jugando con ella toda la mañana.)

• Negative: Subject + auxiliary have/has + not + been + gerund

verb + complement = Your dog hasn't been playing with her all
morning. (Tu perro no ha estado jugando con ella en toda la
mañana.)

• Interrogative: Auxiliary have + subject + been + gerund verb +

complement = Has your dog been playing with her all morning?
(¿Tu perro ha estado jugando con ella toda la mañana?)
Conclusion
Thank you for
your attention!