GSM Neighbor cell

Optimization
Course Overview

 Related Basic Concepts of Adjacent Cell

 How Unreasonable Settings of Neighbor cell
Affect the Network
 Optimization of Adjacent Cell
 Examples of Neighbor cell Optimization
 How Much Do You Know About Neighbor cell
Optimization?
1. What is an adjacent cell?
2. What is an external cell? What is an internal cell?
3. What is the result of a unidirectional adjacent cell?
4. What are the two aspects that the Neighbor cell planning imposes
impact upon?
5. What is the principle of Neighbor cell planning?
6. What are the types of unreasonable adjacent cells, and what is the
result?
7. Under what conditions do you optimize the adjacent cell?
8. What is the detailed content of Neighbor cell optimization?
9. What are the tools for Neighbor cell planning?
10. Example 1 of Neighbor cell optimization
11. Example 2 of Neighbor cell optimization

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 1. What is an adjacent cell?


 Neighbor
Neighbor cell
cell refers
refers to
to the
the possible
possible target
target cell
cell when
when MS
MS performs
performs the
the
cross-cell handoff.
cross-cell handoff.

 Neighbor
Neighbor cell
cell includes
includes handover
handover cell,
cell, reselection
reselection cell,
cell, handover
handover &&
reselection
reselectioncell.
cell.

 handover
handovercell:
cell:
 An MS that is establishing a call or is in busy status is transferred
An MS that is establishing a call or is in busy status is transferred
totothe
theservice
servicechannel
channelofofthe
thenew
newcell.
cell.
 Reselection
Reselectioncell:
cell:
 Because of the location change or signal change, an MS in idle
Because of the location change or signal change, an MS in idle
status
statusreselects
reselectsthe
theservice
servicecell.
cell.
 Handover
Handover&&reselection
reselectioncell:
cell:
 This type of cell can provide the function of both the handover cell
This type of cell can provide the function of both the handover cell
and
andthe
thereselection
reselectioncell.
cell.

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 2. What is an external cell? What is an internal
cell?

 To
To realize
realizethe
thecross-cell
cross-cellhandover
handoverbetween
betweenBSCs,
BSCs,the
the
external cell, its carrier frequency and its BSIC
external cell, its carrier frequency and its BSIC areare
defined.
defined.
 IfIfthe
thetwo
twocells
cellsbefore
beforeand
andafter
afterhandover
handoverarearedifferent
different
cells
cellsunder
underthethecontrol
controlofofone
oneBSC,
BSC,they
theyare
arecalled
called
internal
internalcell.
cell.

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 3. What is the result of a unidirectional adjacent
cell?

 IfIfthe
therelationship
relationshipbetween
betweenadjacent
adjacentcells
cellsisisunidirectional,
unidirectional,call
call
drop might occur.
drop might occur.
 The
Theunidirectional
unidirectionalNeighbor
Neighborcellcellusually
usuallyexists
existswhen
whenBSCBSC
defines the handover relationship.
defines the handover relationship.
 Except
Exceptfor
forthe
thespecial
specialsituations
situations(beside
(besidethe
thehill,
hill,beside
besidethe
the
sea),
sea),the
therelationship
relationshipbetween
betweenadjacent
adjacentcells
cellsshould
shouldbebe
bidirectional.
bidirectional.

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 4. What are the two aspects that the Neighbor
cell planning imposes impact upon?

 Due to handoff, the more the adjacent cells are, the

greater the system load is.
QoS  Too many adjacent cells will cause MS to measure all
the adjacent cells, so the accuracy of measurement
will be decreased.

 An appropriate number of adjacent cells can

effectively avoid the call loss caused by handover
System failure.
Load
 Too few adjacent cells will cause call drop and poor
QoS due to handover failure.

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 5. What is the principle of Neighbor cell
planning?
 The same frequency and same
 The same frequency and same
BSIC
BSICisisnot
notallowed
allowedbetween
betweenthe the
Neighbor cell and the main cell,
Neighbor cell and the main cell,
or
orbetween
betweenthe theadjacent
adjacentcells
cells
under
underthethesame
samemain
maincell.
cell.

 The main cell and the Neighbor

 The main cell and the Neighbor
cell
cellcannot
cannotbe
beon
onthe
thesame
same
frequency.
frequency.

 It is better not to configure too

 It is better not to configure too
many
manyadjacent
adjacentcells.
cells.The
Thenumber
number
of default adjacent cells cannot
of default adjacent cells cannot
exceed
exceed31.
31.According
Accordingto to
engineering
engineering experiences,ititisis
experiences,
recommended
recommendedto toconfigure
configurefewer
Principle of than
than24
24adjacent
adjacentcells.
cells.
fewer

Neighbor cell
 Except
Exceptfor
forspecial
specialsituations,
situations,the
Planning the

relationship between adjacent
relationship between adjacent
cells
cellsshould
shouldbebeconfigured
configuredasas
bidirectional.
bidirectional.

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 6. What are the types of unreasonable adjacent
cells, and what is the result?

Types of unreasonable adjacent cells Possible impacts

Unidirectional  Call
Calldrop

Unidirectionaladjacent
adjacentcell
cell drop
Too  handover
handoverfailure

Toomany
manyadjacent
adjacentcells
cells failure
 Too few adjacent cells  Frequent
Frequenthandoff
handoff
Too few adjacent cells
 Isolated
Isolatedisland
island
Unreasonabl  Abnormal
Abnormalcross-cell
cross-cell
e Neighbor handoff
handoff
cell Planning  Unbalanced
Unbalancedtraffic
traffic
 Reduced
Reducedhandover
handover
accuracy
accuracy

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 7. Under what conditions do you optimize the
adjacent cell?

When  Because
Becausethe theactual

Whenthe thenetwork
network network
actual
topology
changes,
changes, suchas
such asadding
adding network topology
BSC or changing the structure
structureisisoften
oftengreatly
greatly
BSC or changing the different from the
network
networkfrequency,
frequency,you
you different from the
need theoretical
theoreticalvalue,
value,you
need to the adjacentcells
to the adjacent cells need to modify
you
the
strictly according to the
strictly according to the need to modify the
changed Neighbor
Neighborcell cellaccording
changedNeighbor
Neighborcell
cell to the actual
according
Neighbor
relationship.
relationship. to the actual Neighbor
cell
cellrelationship
relationshipacquired
acquired
from road tests.
from road tests.

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 7. Under what conditions do you optimize the
adjacent cell?

If the actual network coverage is greatly different from the theoretic

value, you need to optimize the Neighbor cell according to the actual
situation.

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 8. What is the detailed content of Neighbor cell
optimization?

Change the
Delete the unidirectional cell
redundant into the
adjacent bidirectional cell
cells

Add the Check same-

missed frequency
adjacent same-BSIC
cells

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 9. What are the tools for Neighbor cell planning?
Planning Optimization Remark
 Plans the coverage and
adjacent cell
AIRCOM
AIRCOM
 Processes the BA
dispatching file
 Provides the suggestions
for Neighbor cell
AFP
AFP optimization
 Makes the automatic
frequency planning

CNP
CNP  Based the emulation
result

 Based on the cell distance

and orientation
CNO-G
CNO-G
 Performs the all-
network analysis &
evaluation
Neighbor cell
NETMAX
NETMAX

optimization
 Frequency
optimization
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 10. Example 1 of Neighbor cell optimization
Symptom
In the routine inspection for network
optimization and quality improvement,
the background performance indexes
showed that the call drop ratio on service
channel of cell3 (1 carrier frequency) was
relatively high, causing the proportion of
bad cell to increase.
Analysis
When using the network optimization
tool to view the Neighbor cell and
frequency configuration, we found that
the Neighbor cell of cell3 was
unreasonable. There were no adjacent
cells for cell3 and other two cells under
the same site – cell1 and cell2.
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Solution & Verification
According to the principle of
Neighbor cell planning, we made
proper adjustment upon the adjacent
cells of cell3 by adding, deleting and
modifying its Neighbor cell
relationship.
After the above adjustment, the call
drop ratio on service channel of this
cell was apparently decreased.
Conclusion
The Neighbor cell planning was
unreasonable, causing the call drop. During
the planning, we should better avoid
unreasonable frequency and Neighbor cell
planning.
 10. Example 1 of Neighbor cell optimization

9 0.6
8
Optimized the
7
0.5
Neighbor cell on Mar
6 0.4 24
5
0.3
4
3 0.2
2
0.1
1
0 0
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
- Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma -Ma
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

Service channel call drop ratio (including handoff) (%)

Total call drops on service channel
Service channel per-line traffic

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 11. Example 2 of Neighbor cell optimization

1 2 3
When MS moved southward on the road from
Symptom Zhijin to Anshun, its signal level was between -
90dBm － -100dBm, and QoS was at about 5. This
location was about 1km from the Dakuo BSC.

By checking the Neighbor cell relationship, we

found that Dakuo BSC has not configured the
Analysis Neighbor cell relationship of Xiongjiachang cell1
and cell2.

Add the bidirectional Neighbor cell

Measures relationship between Dakuo and
Xiongjiachang cell1, cell2.

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 11. Example 2 of Neighbor cell optimization

Before After

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 Usage of ZXPOS CNO1-G Tool

 Tool & data preparation

 Install ZXPOS CN01-G
 Engineering parameter table in CNO-G format
 Wireless parameter table exported from NDE
 Extract the summarized Neighbor cell measurement data in the granularity of
the last week
 Extract the summarized cell-level performance indexes in the granularity of
the last week, including the cell-level traffic

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 Usage of ZXPOS CNO1-G Tool

 Data processing
 Processes the Neighbor cell measurement data
 Processes the engineering parameter table
 Processes the wireless parameter table

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 Usage of ZXPOS CNO1-G Tool

 Checking & output results:

 Check whether the redundant or wrong Neighbor cell relationship is
configured
 Check whether the unidirectional Neighbor cell relationship needs to be
added
 Check whether the missed Neighbor cell relationship needs to be added
 Check whether there is same-frequency between the main cell and adjacent
cell, or same-frequency same BSIC between adjacent cells.

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