Cradles of

Early
Science
 Mesoamerica

 includes the entire area of

Central America from Southern
Mexico up to the border of South
America. Mesoamerican region is
rich in culture and knowledge
prior to the arrival of its
European colonizers.
 1.Maya civilization
 known for their works in astronomy, they
incorporated their advanced
understanding of astronomy into their
temples and other religious structure.
 known for measuring time using two
complicated calendar systems.
 developed the technology for growing
different crops and building elaborate
cities using ordinary machineries and
tools.
 Maya civilization

ENGINEERING: built
massive pyramids and
palaces for astronomical
observation like Chichen
Itza in Mexico.
- Chichen means “mouth of
the wells” and Itza refers to
the Mayan tribe that lived in
these regions.
 Maya civilization
ASTRONOMY: created an accurate Calendar
system:
two calendar years:
1. 260-day Sacred Round, or tzolkin.
The day names are Imix, Ik, Akbal, Kan,
Chicchan, Cimi, Manik, Lamat, Muluc, Oc, Chuen
(dog), Eb, Ben, Ix, Men, Cib, Caban, Eiznab,
Cauac, and Ahau (eagle).
- There were two (2) animal gods: Chuen and Ahau.
2. The 365-day Vague Year, or haab.
The 18 Maya months are known, in order, as:
Pop, Uo, Zip, Zotz, Tzec, Xuc, Yaxkin, Mol, Chen,
Yax, Zac, Ceh, Mac, Kankin, Maun, Pax, Kayab
and Cumku.
- There has 5 unlucky days known as UAYEB.
Maya civilization
 Maya civilization

MATHEMATICS:

first to use ZERO

uses vigesimal
number system
 Maya civilization

 built looms for weaving cloth and

devised a rainbow glittery paints
made from a mineral called mica.
 famous as one of the world’s first
civilizations to use a writing
system known as Mayan
hieroglyphics.
 2. Inca civilization

 roads paved with stones;

 stone buildings that
surmounted earthquakes and
other disasters;
 irrigation system and technique
for storing water for their crops
to grow in all types of land;
 2. Inca civilization

 calendar with 12 months to mark their

religious festivals and prepare them for
planting season;
 the first suspension bridge;
 quipu, a system of knotted ropes to keep
records that only experts can interpret;
and
 Inca textiles since cloth were one of the
specially prized artistic achievements.
 2. Inca civilization
THE FIRST SUSPENSION
BRIDGE QUIPU
.
 3. Aztec civilization
civilization
 Mandatory education – their children are mandated to
get education regardless of their social class, gender, or
age. It is an early form of universal or inclusive
education.

 Chocolates – the Aztec in Mexico developed chocolate

during their time. The Aztec valued the cacao beans
highly and made it as part of their tribute to their Gods.

 Antispasmodic medication – they used a type of

antispasmodic medication that could prevent muscle
spasms and relax muscles, which could help during
surgery.
 3. Aztec civilization

Chinampa – it is a
form of Aztec
technology for
agricultural
farming in which
the land was
divided into
rectangular areas
surrounded by
canals.
 3. Aztec civilization

Aztec
calendar – this
enabled them
to plan their
activities,
rituals, and
planting
season.
 3. Aztec civilization

Invention of
the canoe – a
light narrow
boat used for
traveling in
water systems.
 Famous
Filipinos in
the Field of
Science
 1. RAMON
CABANOS BARBA

• for his outstanding

research on tissue culture
in Philippine mangoes.
• Filipino inventor and
horticulturist
 2. JOSEFINO
CACAS COMISO
• for his works on observing the
characteristics of Antarctica by
using satellite images.
• Author of the book " Polar
Oceans from Space"
• His work is related to climate
change.
 3. JOSE BEJAR
CRUZ JR.
• known internationally in the
field of Electrical Engineering;
was elected as officer of the
famous Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineering.

• outstanding contributions to
the field of automatic control in
research, teaching and service.
 4. LOURDES
JANSUY CRUZ
• notable for her research on sea
snail venom.
• She is known as the sea snail
venom specialist
• a Filipino biochemist whose
research has contributed to the
understanding of the biochemistry of
toxic peptides from venom of fish
hunting CONUS marine snails.
 5. FABIAN
MILLAR DAYRIT
• for his research on herbal
medicine.
• His research interests include
natural products chemistry and
environmental chemistry
• Also known for his phytochemical
work for the development of lagundi
as part of the National Integrated
Research Program on Medical
Plants
 6. RAFAEL DINEROS
GUERRERO III
• for his research on tilapia culture.
• His research interests include
natural products chemistry and
environmental chemistry
• Also known for his phytochemical
work for the development of lagundi
as part of the National Integrated
Research Program on Medical Plants.
 7. ENRIQUE MAPUA
OSTRERA JR.
• for inventing the meconium drug testing.
• a neonatologist
• he was recognized for his significant
contributions in the filed of pediatrics,
specifically in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
neonatal drug addiction and his pioneering
work on the detection of fetal exposure to
drugs, tobacco, smoke, alcohol and
environmental toxicants by analysis of
meconium.
 8. Lilian
Formalejo Pateña

• for doing research on

plant biotechnology.
 9. Mari-Jo
Panganiban Ruiz
• for being an outstanding
educator and graph theorist.

10. Gregory
Ligot Tangonan
• for his research in the field of
communication technology.
Filipino Scientists who
are recognized in the
Philippines and abroad
for their outstanding
contribution in
science:
 1. Caesar A.
Saloma
• an internationally renowned
physicist.

2. William
Padolina
• chemistry and president of the
National Academy Of Science and
Technology (NAST) - Philippines.
 3. Edgardo
Gomez
• famous scientist in Marine
Science.

4. Angel Alcala

• marine science
 SCIENCE
EDUCATION IN
THE
PHILIPPINES
The Concept of
Science Education
* Teaching science involves developing ways on how to
effectively teach science.
* Learning science includes both pedagogy and the most
interesting aspect, which is helping students understand
and love science.
*Understanding science implies developing and applying
science-process skills and using science literacy in
understanding natural world and activities in everyday
life.
The Concept of
Science Education
*John Dewey (2001) stressed the
importance of utilizing the natural
environment to teach students.
*Marx (1994) opines that science is going to
be one of the most important school
subjects in the future.
Science Education is justified by the
vast amount of scientific knowledge
developed in this area that prepares
citizens in a scientifically and
technologically driven world.
Science Education provides skills and
knowledge that are necessary for a
person to live in what Knight (1986)
describes as the age of science and to
develop a citizenry that will meet the
goals of science in the society.
 -In basic education, science
Science education helps students learn
important concepts and facts that
Education are related to everyday life including
important skills such as process
in Basic skills, critical thinking skills, and
life skills that are needed in coping
and up with daily life activities.
-In tertiary education, science
Tertiary education deals with developing
students' understanding and
Education appreciation of science ideas and
scientific works.
 1. Philippine Science High
School System (PSHSS)
Science
• Established under Republic Act
Schools in No. 3661
• February 5, 1986
the • National Competitive
Philippines Examination ( NCE)
• Department of Science and
Technology ( DOST)
 2. Special Science Elementary
Schools (SSES) Projects

Science • DepEd Order No. 51 S. 2010

The learners in the SSES must
Schools in exhibit the following
the characteristics:
1. Physical/ Psychomotor
Philippines 2. Intellectual/ Academic Aspect
3. Social / Emotional/
Motivational Aspect
4. Leadership/ Creativeness
 3. Quezon City Regional Senior
High School

Science • September 17, 1967

Schools in 4. Manila Science High School

the • October 1, 1963
Philippines • Manila Science High
Admission Test ( MSAT)
School
 The MSAT have five parts
1. Aptitude in Science
2. Aptitude test in mathematics
Science 3. Problem solving test in science

Schools in 4. Problem
mathematics
solving test in

the 5. Proficiency in English

Philippines 5. Central
Foundation
Visayan Institute

• Dynamic Learning Program

 Thank
You for
Listening!