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Satellite communication
Prof. P.K Sahu
National Institute of Technology, Rourkela
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Numerical Problem(TDMA)

1) Calculate the frame efficiency for an INTELSAT frame given

the following information:
Total frame length = 120,832 symbols
Traffic bursts per frame = 14
Reference bursts per frame = 2
Guard interval = 103 symbols
Over head Symbols per burst = 280

Solution: Total no of overhead symbols in a frame =

'
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TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

Note:

The voice-channel capacity of a frame, which is also the voice-channel capacity of the transponder being
accessed by the frame, can be found from a knowledge of the frame efficiency and the bit rates. Let Rb be the
bit rate of a voice channel, and let there be a total of n voice channels shared between all the earth stations
accessing the transponder.
The total incoming traffic bit rate to a frame is nRb.
The traffic bit rate of the frame is Rb, and therefore
nRb = Rb
Where is defined as the ratio of “useful traffic bits to total bits” of the frame.
n = is the no of earth stations involved in TDMA
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For better understanding, this may be is explained as follows:

TDMA using a reference station for burst synchronization

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Some times two reference stations are used. In our numerical analysis we have taken
Two reference bursts per frame. These reference stations are treated as primary and secondary Stations. Incase
of failure of primary, secondary takes care.

In the figure, each square blocks marked as A, B, C, R etc, are traffic bursts.
Each earth station transmits one burst within the burst time T B
Since the time interval between successive bursts is the frame time T F ,
The required buffer capacity is
M =rbTF

The buffer memory fills up at the input bit rate r b during frame time interval.
These M bits are transmitted as a burst in the next frame without any break in continuity of the input.
The M bit are transmitted in the burst time T B, and hence, the burst bit rate

=
Therefore
RbTB = rbTF
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Some of the basis equipment blocks in a TDMA system 7
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Numerical Problem

A TDMA frame and burst structure has the following parameters:

TF = 20 ms, Total no. of overhead bits = 23060 bits
Number of earth stations in the TDMA network = 10
Rb = 90 Mbps.
If the traffic data is assumed to be voice and voice is PCM encoded with each voice channel
data rate being 64 kbps, determine :
i) TDMA frame efficiency
ii) The maximum number of PCM voice channels carried in a frame.
iii) Approximately the no. of voice channels interfaced with each earth station.
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Solution:

i) Total no. of bits in the frame =

Frame efficiency =

ii) Number of bits(voice) in a burst =

Total number of voice bits available in a frame =
Maximum no. of voice channel available in the frame =

iii) No. of voice channels at each earth station = =139 (approx.)