City Schools Division of Bacoor

CITY OF BACOOR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SAN NICOLAS

San Nicolas III, Bacoor City, Cavite

WEEK 6: HEAT, WORK,

AND ENERGY
“FIRST LAW OF
THERMODYNAMICS”
ESENTED BY: MARIO RECTO
Most Essential Learning Competency

•Construct a model to
demonstrate that heat
can do work
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
•Differentiate Heat from Temperature,
•Discuss the 1st Law of Thermodynamics in
relation to Law of Conservation of Energy.
And
•Discuss Spontaneous Process and Non-
spontaneous Process.
• The production of heat is one of the driving
forces of human activity.
• We use it in daily chores, like cooking and drying and
ironing clothes.
• It is also needed to greater extent in
commercial and industrial applications.
• Especially in the field of manufacturing where
many substances are made with the use of
enormous amounts of heat.
• Understanding how heat works and how it
interacts with various objects is studied since it
will help making different process efficient.
TEMPERATURE? HEAT?
• James Prescott Joule investigated
in mechanical equivalent of heat.
He set up an apparatus in its
simplified form. The weight were
made to fall through a certain
distance. As they dropped, the
wires to which they were attached
made one shaft and paddles turn.
The friction resulting from the
paddling warmed the water and
raised its temperature. Almost all
the work done on the machine
was transformed into heat.
• James Prescott Joule investigated
in mechanical equivalent of heat.
He set up an apparatus in its
simplified form. The weight were
made to fall through a certain
distance. As they dropped, the
wires to which they were attached
made one shaft and paddles turn.
The friction resulting from the
paddling warmed the water and
raised its temperature. Almost all
the work done on the machine
was transformed into heat.
This is derived from the conservation of energy given as how
heat is related to work .
Activity 1: (10 pts)
Distinguish the process as spontaneous or non- spontaneous process.
1. Melting of Ice
2. Rusting of Iron left outside
3. Marble going down
4. Going up hill
5. Keeping the food fresh from spoilage in the refrigerator

Guide Questions :
1. Which of the example is spontaneous process ? ________
2. Which of the given example is a non-spontaneous process? ___________
3. What is the difference between spontaneous and non-
spontaneous process ? _________
4. What is needed to reverse the process? ___________
 PT#3
Objective: Make a simple model that shows heat can do work.
Materials: candle, match, cardboard, scissors, pointed stick, bond paper, glue
Precautionary measures: Be careful when using fire and scissors. Ask for adult supervision if necessary.
Procedure:
1. Cut a piece of carboard to a circular shape.
2. Cut a circular piece of the bond paper and cut a spiral out of
it as shown on Figure 2.
3. Glue the stick to the cardboard so that it stands upright on
the cardboard.
4. With the stick pointing upwards, make a crease on the top
of the spiral cutout and let the crease rest on the pointed
end of the stick. Let the spiral fall. Refer to Figure 3.
5. Put a candle below the spiral, resting in the cardboard. Light
the candle using the match. Make sure that the candlelight
does not reach the bond paper.
 hap What
the pen is
spi ing
ral o
pap n
er?

The candle is
lighted